Microbiology Task 1
DNA & RNA
Jo Howell Biochemistry, Task 208.5.1 02-05 Western Govenor’s University
Process of DNA Replication
The double helix is unwound by helicase & each strand then acts as a template for the next strands Primase creates the DNA primer DNA polymerase III is the main copying enzyme
DNA polymerase I removes RNA primers & replaces with DNA
Single Stranded Binding Proteins are available to hold the unwound DNA strands in position & prevents premature annealing with another DNA strand
Diagram of DNA Replication
Role of Ligase Enzyme in the Replication of DNA
DNA polymerase ignites the replications next to primer & adds complementary nucleotides in the 5’ to 3’ direction & moving away from the replication fork Okazaki fragments are the short lengths of DNA formed between RNA primers on the lagging strand
Ligase is the linking enzyme that seals breaks in the DNA by creating a phosphate-sugar bond. DNA ligase has three (3) main functions: 1. joining Okazaki fragments, 2. sealing repairs, 3. sealing recombination fragments
Diagram of Role of DNA Ligase in DNA Replication
Role of mRNA in Transcription & Translation
mRNA “copies” the message or the information from DNA mRNA then leaves that DNA parental strand & “hooks” up with ribosome Ribosome works with the mRNA & “calls” for tRNA tRNA then “reads” the mRNA in codons & brings amino acids to the mRNA Amino acids then attach to the transfer molecule & create a protein chain
Diagram of mRNA in Transcription & Translation
Role of RNA Polymerase Inhibition
RNA polymerase makes a new strand of RNA which is peeled off the DNA template and translated into protein by Copying DNA in order to transport information to ribosomes for protein synthesis Without RNA the cell is unable to synthesize proteins Proteins are the building blocks of life Without proteins there would be cellular death
If ingested the peptide
Jo Howell Biochemistry, Task 208.5.1 02-05 Western Govenor’s University
Process of DNA Replication
The double helix is unwound by helicase & each strand then acts as a template for the next strands Primase creates the DNA primer DNA polymerase III is the main copying enzyme
DNA polymerase I removes RNA primers & replaces with DNA
Single Stranded Binding Proteins are available to hold the unwound DNA strands in position & prevents premature annealing with another DNA strand
Diagram of DNA Replication
Role of Ligase Enzyme in the Replication of DNA
DNA polymerase ignites the replications next to primer & adds complementary nucleotides in the 5’ to 3’ direction & moving away from the replication fork Okazaki fragments are the short lengths of DNA formed between RNA primers on the lagging strand
Ligase is the linking enzyme that seals breaks in the DNA by creating a phosphate-sugar bond. DNA ligase has three (3) main functions: 1. joining Okazaki fragments, 2. sealing repairs, 3. sealing recombination fragments
Diagram of Role of DNA Ligase in DNA Replication
Role of mRNA in Transcription & Translation
mRNA “copies” the message or the information from DNA mRNA then leaves that DNA parental strand & “hooks” up with ribosome Ribosome works with the mRNA & “calls” for tRNA tRNA then “reads” the mRNA in codons & brings amino acids to the mRNA Amino acids then attach to the transfer molecule & create a protein chain
Diagram of mRNA in Transcription & Translation
Role of RNA Polymerase Inhibition
RNA polymerase makes a new strand of RNA which is peeled off the DNA template and translated into protein by Copying DNA in order to transport information to ribosomes for protein synthesis Without RNA the cell is unable to synthesize proteins Proteins are the building blocks of life Without proteins there would be cellular death
If ingested the peptide
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