This essay will demonstrate evidence for the midwifery management of admission cardiotocography (CTG) and how this affects women’s choice.
Fetal heart monitoring has been practised for centuries. The first person to document the fetal beat was Phillipe LeGaust in 1650 placing the ear directly to the abdomen of the pregnant woman. In the UK, Ferguson was the first person to describe it in 1827. In 1976, the French physician Dr. A. Pinard designed the fetal stethoscope (that takes his name) which is still used today for intermittent auscultation. The first commercial fetal monitoring was produced by Hammacher and Hewlett Packard in 1968 (Cutlan 2006) and its introduction in the 1970s caused much debate when child …show more content…
Meanwhile, women who are considered at high risk should have the fetal heart monitored continuously for the duration of labour. Consideration of maternal choice and needs should also be considered (Fetal Monitoring Police, 2004). High risk women are at potential risk of fetal morbidity and mortality including maternal and fetal problems such as induction of labour with intravenous syntocinon, pregnancy induced hypertension, ante partum haemorrhage, diabetes and placenta praevia or medical conditions such as cardiac problems or renal disease as a maternal problem (Williams and Blanchard 1996), and grade two/three meconium, defined intrauterine growth retardation, preterm labour (< 37 weeks), Multiple pregnancy and breech presentation as a fetal problem (Fetal Monitoring Police 2004).
Moreover, McCormick (2003) state that electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) may be appropriate for women at high risk.
The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE 2003) suggests that there is no evidence to evaluate the use of admission CTG for women with low risk pregnancy and are poor at predicting fetal compromise during labour.
Impey et al. (2003) proposes that admission CTG should not be undertaken routinely on women at low risk of