Milk”

I. Introduction
Acceptance of Packed and Loose milk”
This research paper is all about the awareness and acceptance of Packed and Loose milk by the people.

Milk is an opaque white liquid produced by the mammary glands ofmammals It provides the primary source of nutrition young mammals before they are able to digest other types of food. The early lactation milk is known ascolostrum, and carries the mother 's antibodies to the baby. It can reduce the risk of many diseases in the baby. The exact components of raw milk varies by species, but it contains significant amounts of saturated fat, protein and calcium as well as vitamin C. Cow 's milk has a pH ranging from 6.4 to 6.8, making it slightly acidic.

Packed milk :
The packed milk is proceed by various stages of milk purification to remove the germs and comes in attractive packets.Purification stages are required to remove bad smell,taste, contaminants and harmful organisms..some of the basic tests are Organoleptics test, Lactometer taste, Pasteurization, Chilling etc.To serve the different demands and needs of customer packed milk are present in different types by the packed milk companies like Amul, Sanchi etc.

Loose milk: It directly procured from the dairy farm without introducing any test.

Players:
There are several players in packed milk industries some of them are Sourabh, Mothers dairy, Amul, Sanchi, Ankit etc. But for our project we have considered only two that it Amul and Sanchi.

Sanchi Dugdh Sangh: Sanchi dugdh sahkarita sangh stores have their monopoly all over Madhya Pradesh. They sell milk, toned and with cream, along with other dairy products like cottage cheese, curd, shreekhand, Milk.

Amul: Amul is largest co-operative movement in India with 2.2 million milk producers
Organized in 10,552 co-operative societies in 2003-2004. The country’s largest food company, Amul is the market leader in butter, whole milk, cheese, ice-cream, dairy product, condensed milk, saturated fats and long life milk. Amul follows a unique business model, which aims at providing ‘value for money’ products to its consumers, while protecting the interests of the milk-producing farmers who are its suppliers as well as its owners.

II. Conceptual framework:-

The dairy industry plays an important roll in our daily life. It is difficult to realize how fast changes are taking place in the dairy industry.

One of the important factors affecting the total amount of milk produced and the way in which this milk is utilized is the demand for the various products. In order to prepare such a diversity of products, many different processes have been developed by the industry. Each of these has been designed to take advantage of some particular property of milk.

Developments in the dairy industry are enough to justify a revision of a considerable amount of material in this project. Deals with processes, formulae, project profiles, details of plant, machinery & raw materials with their resources etc. of various dairy products.

There are still so many things by which people are not aware of like diseases related to milk. People are not aware of different types of milk. People are giving importance to hygienic factor or not.

In this study we have seen in what ways people use milk. We have seen their preference to make milk products in their homes.

IV. Growth of Dairy Industry in India
India 's milk production already surpassing 100 million tone last year, the organised dairy industry is also witnessing a significant growth in the decade.
The organised dairy sector players such as Amul, Mother Dairy, Parag and other regional brand which at present occupy only18% of the total milk produced in the country, is expected to capture more than 30% of the organised markets. "With increasing awareness about hygiene and value added products coming into market, the organised players are definitely going to play a critical role in growth of the sector," Sharad Gupta, editor, Dairy India year book, told FE. According the Karnal based National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI): India 's milk production is rising at 4% annually. "Output growth is seen driven by increasing demand for value-added milk products and extensive dairy development programmes initiated by government," Sushil Kumar, director, NDRI said.
However, despite growth in the organised sector players, the private suppliers and unorganised sector players would still play crucial role in milk production and supply chain. Despite rising production, the per capita availability of milk is low at about 220 gms a day. According to Sharad Gupta, the level of integration of the country 's dairy sector with the global economy is relatively low and there is huge opportunity for the dairy sector to expand in the country. The domestic market is largely isolated from global market influences, unlike other sectors such as edible oil. "There are no commodity futures in milk powder or value added products, whereas the leading commodity exchanges as MCX and NCDEX trade in jeera, pepper and other spices and cereals," Gupta said. India has remained as the world 's single largest producer of milk since mid 1990s followed by United States. Thanks to cooperative movements initiated in the early 1970s.
However, the packaging of the milk products will play crucial role in expanding the organised sector share in the milk production.
V. Rationale :-

1) This study will be conducted to know preference of customers (packed or loose milk).
2) This study has been conducted to know that how many people are acquainted with the milk diseases.
3) It helps in finding out the competitive strategies of two companies taken in this research.

VI. Objective:-

1) To study of acceptance of packed and loose milk In Indore.
2) Consumer awareness for milk diseases.

VII. Literature Review
A) Dairy products and ovarian cancer: a pooled analysis of 12 cohort studies.
Genkinger JM, Hunter DJ, Spiegelman D, Anderson KE, Arslan A, Beeson WL, Buring JE, Fraser GE, Freudenheim JL, Goldbohm RA, Hankinson SE, Jacobs DR Jr, Koushik A, Lacey JV Jr, Larsson SC, Leitzmann M, McCullough ML, Miller AB, Rodriguez C, Rohan TE, Schouten LJ, Shore R, Smit E, Wolk A, Zhang SM, Smith-Warner SA.
Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Room 339, Building 2, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. [e-mail]
Abstract

B) Cooperatives and the commercialization of milk production in India
In this working paper, Harold Alderman, George Mergos, and Roger Slade review the available literature regarding dairy development and the evolution of milk cooperatives that led to increased commercialization of the milk market in India. The paper does not purport to be an evaluation of Operation Flood or other dairy development programs of the National Dairy Development Board or the Government of India. Based on the extensive literature review, the authors identify knowledge gaps and suggest research priorities that, if followed, would establish the effects of dairy development on nutrition and incomes and allow the design of policies and programs that would mitigate risks and avoid adverse effects on producers and consumers.
Author:
Alderman, Harold
Mergos, George
Slade, Roger
C) Acne and Dairy Products
By F.W. Danby, MD, FRCPC

Dr Danby used a study of what nurses ate called the Nurses Health Study II. He thinks that the hormones in milk cause the problem, by over stimulating the human oil producing glands.
"But how could milk cause acne? Because drinking milk and consuming dairy products from pregnant cows exposes us to the hormones produced by the cows’ pregnancy, hormones that we were not designed to consume during our teenage and adult years. It is no secret that teenagers’ acne closely parallels hormonal activity.

VIII. Research Methodology

 Sampling:

This research will follow the systematic random sampling method representative population. The population belongs to any age group. Both male and female population is going to consider in this research. For checking whether they prefer packed or loose milk. In packed milk we have taken only Amul and Sanchi milk.

• Sample Units: 50

• Sampling Frame: Indore region.

 Tools for Data Collection:

Data will be collected in two ways, they are:

• Primary Data: 1) Through unstructured questionnaire. 2) By Self observation.

• Secondary Data: 1) Books 2) Internet 3) Journals or Magazines

 Tools for Data Analysis:
•
• Arithmetic Mean Method:

The most popular and widely used data measure of representing the entire data by one value is what laymen called average and what the statistician call the mean.

• T- test:

The t-test assesses whether the means of two groups are statistically different from each other. This analysis is appropriate whenever you want to compare the means of two groups, and especially appropriate as the analysis for the posttest-only two-group randomized experimental design.

• With the help of Bar and Pie charts we will show the different values.

IX. Technology Potential of Dairy Industry

India has one of the largest livestock population in the world. Fifty percent of the buffaloes and twenty percent of the cattle in the world are found in India, most of which are milk cows and buffaloes.

Dairy development in India has been acknowledged the world over as one of modern India’s most successful developmental programme. Today, India is the largest milk producing country in the world.

Milk and milk products is rated as one of the most promising sectors which deserves appreciation in a big way. When the world milk production registered a negative growth of 2 percent, India performed much better with 4 percent growth. The total milk production is over 72 million tones and the demand for milk is estimated at around 80 million tonnes.
By 2005, the value of Indian dairy produce is expected to be Rs. 1,000,000 million. In the last six years foreign investment in this sector stood at Rs. 3600 million which is about oneforth of the total investment made in this sector.

Manufacture of casein and lactose, largely being imported presently, has good scope. Exports of milk products have been decanalised. The milk surplus states in India are Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The manufacturing of milk products is concentrated in these milk surplus States.

 Livestock Population:

Livestock accounts for nearly 15.8% of the world cattle population, more than half of the world buffalo population.

 Production of Milk and Milk Products:

The milk production was almost stagnant between 1947 to 1970 with an annual growth rate of merely one percent which has since registered a vigorous growth of over 4.5% per annum after the year 1970. The production of milk in India has been increasing steadily. The major milk producing states are UP, Punjab, Rajasthan, M.P, Maharashtra and Gujarat. Number of milk products manufacturing Plants have come up in these states for Processing of milk.

 Present Status:

Dairying has become an important secondary source of income for millions of rural families. About 45% of milk production is consumed as fluid milk. About 35% is processed into butter or ghee; about 7% is processed into Paneer (cottage cheese) and other cheeses, about 4% is converted into milk powder; and the balance is used for other products such as Dahi (yoghurt) and sweet meats.
 Industry Segments:

 Market growth rates indicate that the cheese market in India is growing steadily.
 The organised market for ice creams of about 60 mn litres, has been growing at around 15% per annum.
 The Chocolates market is estimated at 35,000 tonnes valued at approximately Rs. 8.0 bn. The chocolate counter market is worth nearly Rs. 2.5 to 3.5 bn and the rest is made up of chocolate bars.
 The organised dairy industry processes an estimated 15% of the total milk output in India. The industry has maintained a high growth profile, especially in the wake of the Operation Flood, colloquially also termed as White Revolution, initiated in early 1980s.
 Baby foods have assumed special significance in the recent years because of greater awareness of hygiene and health and constraints on time of busy mothers. A reliable, healthy, convenient and readyto- use baby food is the requirement of the day. India is catching up with the rest of the developed world in this area rater fast. A comparison of growth rates over the last 10 years shows that these has been a steady rise of market size.  The two major bakery products, biscuits and bread, account for 82% of all bakery production. The total volume of the sugar boiled confectionery market in the organised sector is around 125,000 tonnes. Add to this the unorganized sector and the market for all types of confectionery is of the order of 250,000 tpa.

 A SWOT Analysis of Dairy Industry in India:

Strengths
• Enhanced milk production with consequently increased availability of milk processing.
• Improved purchasing power of the consumer.
• Improved transportation facilities for movement of milk and milk products.
• Increasing availability of indigenously manufactured equipment.
• Vast pool of highly trained and qualified manpower available to the industry.
• Country’s vast natural resources offer immense potential for growth and development of dairying with our strengths we have to be aware of our weaknesses also.

Weaknesses
• Tropical climate conditions.
• Seasonal fluctuations in milk production pattern.
• Species-wise variation (buffalo, cow, goat etc.) in milk quality received by milk plants.
• Lack of marketing avenues for the dairy produce.

Threats
• Introduction of foreign products in Indian market.
• Increasing chemical contaminants as well as residual antibiotics in milk.
• Poor microbiological quality of milk.
• Export of quality feed ingredients particularly cakes under the liberalization policy.
• Deficiency of molasses, a rich source of energy and binding agent in feed industry and constituent of urea molasses mineral lick.
• Excessive grazing pressure on marginal and small community lands resulting in complete degradation of land.
• Extinction of the indigenous breeds of cattle due to indiscriminate use of crossbreeding programme to enhance milk production.
• The liberalisation of the Dairy Industry is likely to be exploited by multi-nationals. They will be interested in manufacturing milk products which yield high profits. It will create milk shortage in the country adversely affecting the consumers. Inspite all these problems and threats we have clear cut and tremendous opportunities before us

Opportunities
• Great improved export potential for milk products of western as well as traditional types.
• Established and expanding market for traditional dairy products.
• Increasing demand for fluid milk as well as value added products. • Employment generation.
• Growing demand for milk and milk products.

X. Major Finding:

Only 32% population prefer packed milk and rest 68% still taking loose milk. Out of 16% , 69% population is preferring amul milk , 25% sanchi milk as packed milk and 6% other brands. Only 22% population is aware with milk diseases. Consumer of packed milk prefers it because of nutrition value, hygienic, quality and storage factors.

XI. Limitation:

 Access to information.
 Access to resources.
 Time management
 Access to experts for editing, proofreading, and guidance.
 Support from organizations and participants.

XII. Implications:

 Heart Disease (think fats/cholesterol: meat/dairy),
 Malignant Neoplasms (cancer: think toxins/milk/dairy),
 Cerebro-vascular (think meat milk and dairy),
 Bronchitis Emphysema Asthma (think toxins/milk/dairy) ,
 Unintentional Injuries and Adverse Effects,
 Pneumonia & Influenza (think weak immune systems and mucus),
 Diabetes (think milk/dairy),
 Highway slaughter (men, women and children),
 Suicide (think behavioral problems),
 Nephritis (Bright 's disease: inflammation of the kidneys),
 Liver Disease,
 Breast, prostate and colon cancers.

XIII. Suggestions:

 Packed milk companies should make their customers aware of the various milk types. For this they can advertise more
 They can also run some awareness programs for people who are not concern about the problems related to milk specially in rural areas.
 Packed milk companies must assure its customer that the packed milk is safe and more hygenic.
 Packed milk companies should provide home delivery services.

XIV. Conclusion:

Still the first preference of majority people is loose milk According the questionnaire filled by different people we may conclude that 68% trust loose milk and 32% are their who prefer loose milk. Majority of person are not aware of dieses caused by milk. They are not educated enough to pay attention on hygienic factor and nutrient value.

People who are using packed milk are conscious about their health same as who are using loose milk but the awareness of quality and purity was not known by loose milk drinkers.

One of the factors is that marketing strategy of packed milk companies. Strategies are not effective enough to educated people who lie down in 68%.

XV. Bibliography:-

Dr. Plaut Marshall (jan/feb 2010) psychology today, article- the struggle to understand anaphylaxis , page 93.

Dr. gharia anil ,yashraj-chemistry practicle, test to detect adulteration in milk, author, page 119-123. (jan 7 2007 )MT biology today, biobasic, page 14.

Webliography :
• http://www.acnehelp.org.uk/dairy.html25/5/2010at11:50
• http://ideas.repec.org/p/ias/cpaper/04-wp380.html25/5/2010 at11:50
• http://www.slideshare.net/robinkapoor/value-added-dairy-products25/5/2010at 11:50
• http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewKeyReadings26/5/2010at11:00
• http://www.oppapers.com/subjects/nestle-dairy-products-marketing-plan-page1.html26/5/2010at11:05

Bibliography: - Dr. Plaut Marshall (jan/feb 2010) psychology today, article- the struggle to understand anaphylaxis , page 93. Dr. gharia anil ,yashraj-chemistry practicle, test to detect adulteration in milk, author, page 119-123. (jan 7 2007 )MT biology today, biobasic, page 14. Webliography : • http://www.acnehelp.org.uk/dairy.html25/5/2010at11:50 • http://ideas.repec.org/p/ias/cpaper/04-wp380.html25/5/2010 at11:50 • http://www.slideshare.net/robinkapoor/value-added-dairy-products25/5/2010at 11:50 • http://www.emeraldinsight.com/Insight/viewKeyReadings26/5/2010at11:00 • http://www.oppapers.com/subjects/nestle-dairy-products-marketing-plan-page1.html26/5/2010at11:05