After Edward IV died in 1483, a dispute began between to major factions – the Woodvilles and Richard of Gloucester. The Woodvilles were the family of Elizabeth Woodville, Edward’s wife, with whom he shared many children. Edward V, the heir to the throne, was the son of Elizabeth Woodville, and so this put them in a good position. However, Richard of Gloucester was Edward’s brother and had shown himself to be a very useful and successful man to Edward during his reign. They both had their various strengths and weaknesses, and they both wanted the same thing. Control of England.…
Even though by this decade the Monarchy did not have the feudal power it had held in the 16th century, King George III was crucial in creating Pitt’s dominance. For any government to be successful it needed the backing of the King. This had been shown by the failure of the Fox-North coalition due to the King refusing to use royal patronage during the period. Royal influence created and maintained much of Pitt’s support. In 1784 alone, the King created 119 new peerages. He tactically gave titles to men who had influence over men in the Commons. For example, he gave a peerage to the second son of the Duke of Northumberland, leading to six of the Duke’s seven loyalists becoming supporters of the new government. All this led to Pitt having an ever increasing majority in Parliament, making it easier and easier for him to carry out his plans.…
It is suggested that the Duke of Gloucester did have his sights set on seizing the throne from the moment his brother died because Richard hated the Woodvilles and their influence over Edward V, He would do anything to stop them having control over his country. He believes they have no rights to his brothers role and it is said that he ‘ feared the Woodvilles threatened political exclusion and ruin’ as well as threatening Edward V’s ability to rule.…
Buckingham formed a very close relationship with Charles which many MP’s feared. This close relationship and the amount of power that Buckingham possessed, often led to arguments between the King and Parliament, which eventually led to the king adopting personal rule. Buckingham monopolised Patronage at court, and advancement in Office was only approved with Buckingham support. Many MP’s were suspicious of his close relationship with both Charles 1 and James 1, and despised the fact that they could only gain advancement in the career with his consent. Furthermore Buckingham had arranged the marriage of Charles and Henrietta Maria who was Catholic. Many MP’s thought Buckingham was trying to introduce Catholicism in England, which they thought would threaten the ancient liberties of the Church of England. The king’s protection of Buckingham led to Parliament being dissolved which angered many MPs. In 1626 Parliament attempted to Impeach Buckingham, however the King stopped this by dissolving Parliament which prevented them from passing the subsidies which the King needed. These show how Buckingham’s action caused disputes between the King and Parliament, which eventually led to the king adopting Personal Rule as he thought he could manage without Parliament. However…
On 22nd August 1485, King Richard III lost the Battle of Bosworth to Henry Tudor. One of the main reasons for him losing was due to his unpopularity with the people and his nobles. Richard was disliked by many of his nobles because he gave power to nobles from the north, which he knew, annoying the nobility in the south of England. This meant that in the battle he had little support, and some of his nobles, such as the Stanley’s fought for Henry. Richard was also disliked by the people of England. He seized the crown in 1483, and rumours spread that he killed his two nephews. This made him disliked, and few people supported him.…
Tudor governments can be considered to have dealt poorly with rebellion on account of repeated noble support for rebellions throughout the period. The support of the nobility was crucial to maintaining control of the localities and additionally, noble support of a rebellion could increase the risk of a rebellion overthrowing the monarch. This was due to the likely contribution of funds to bolster supplies and troops with the involvement of retainers and experienced foreign mercenaries. Lack of noble co-operation with the government could also increase the threat of rebellion. This can be seen in the Cornish rebellion of…
Richard tried to end the war of the roses and placate the Lancastrians by honouring Henry VI through a ceremonious reburial, and by trying to build bridges with the Woodvilles by persuading Elizabeth out of protective sanctuary and to attend court whilst paying her an annuity (Elizabeth was born into a Lancastrian family and did marry a minor Lancastrian noble before marrying the Yorkist king). He tried to end the war of the roses because they were unpopular with the kingdom and the nobles. This is a clear demonstration of how he could have been a great king. This is because he is trying to win over defected supporters and gain trust, popularity and an affinity with as many people as possible. It also shows how he tried to gain affinity with the nobility by gaining trust and showing respect to the Lancastrian history.…
How well Tudor Monarchs consulted with their advisers is one factor that can determine if they underestimate the threat posed by rebellions. Henry VII for example dealt with rebellions most effectively with his councillors as he picked his most trusted household servants for advice, In comparison to Henry VIII who left the strategy of combating rebellions to his principal ministers did not deal with rebellion as effectively, as when raising money for the Amicable Grant Wolsey raised £260,000 in forced loans which despite promising to pay back and there was already rising unemployment in the area of the rebellion which added to the resentment and ultimately lead to rebellion.…
This extract from the Handbook to the Maude Roll is regarding the Yorkist overthrow of the last Lancastrian King. The Canterbury roll, henceforth referred to as the Roll, is written between 1429 and 1433. This is during the reign of the Lancastrian King Henry V. A Yorkist scribe writes our extract at a later date. Shirota identifies this later date as sometime after 1460, but most likely after 1461 because Richard III is identified as Duke of Gloucester. Our extract fits in to the wider context of the Roll in a many ways. Our extract is the justification for the deposition of Henry VI by Edward IV, and is one of many depositions featured throughout the Roll. One of the earliest depositions featured in detail is that of Archigallus, a British King, who is deposed for his violent tyrannical ways. Archigallus is eventually restored for changing his ways and becomes a just king. We can pare our extract with another section of the Roll. There is an earlier extract that talks of Henry Iv, when he was still Henry of Darby, imprisoning Richard II and how he became…
Moreover Tudor had a very strong tactical setup going into the war, the vanguard, under the control of the Earl of oxford, was strengthened by the mercenaries of Philibert de Chandee, Sir Gilbert Talbot commanded the right wing and john savage on the left wing. However, the most important part of their strategy was the Stanley’s. The Stanley’s had been pushing towards the side of Richard due to the capture of Lord Strange, However during the time leading up to the battle negotiations and meetings between Tudor and the Stanley’s were building and Richard started to question whether he could trust them. Tudor began to gain more and more support as he travelled through wales and the key sign of allegiance to Tudor was when the Stanley family advised the bailiffs of Shrewsbury to open the town gates to let them in. So, the Stanley’s did not actively fight at the beginning of the battle but their betrayal soon became apparent when they attacked Richard near the conclusion of the battle. Other higher powers that Richard thought he would have the support of also backed out, for example Northumberland decided to not take part in the battle at all.…
At the battle of Bosworth field, Richard seems to have had a larger number of fighting men than Tudor and also held the higher ground, however many contemporaries stated that the battle was largely a stalemate, suggesting that Tudor’s preparations for battle had been successful, at least for the fact that he was able to hold his own against an opponent with greater numbers and a more preferable geographical position. It was not until Richard’s fateful “suicide charge”; a charge with the aim of directly attacking the oppositions leader, rather than being explicitly suicidal. Thanks to the Swiss-trained French mercenaries in Henry’s garrison and their tactics never before seen on English soil and Thomas, Lord Stanley’s last minute decision to support Henry, Richard was killed and Tudor took his crown. Thus Henry’s success in replacing Richard of York as king of England, would not be as we know it had Richard not made the dramatic charge that resulted in his death, but whether the success would ever have occurred is still yet to be explored.…
Rebellions caused a serious threat to monarchs; and as a result of the War of The Roses and Henry VII’s usurpation in 1485, the Tudor Dynasty had effectively been founded on Rebellion so it may be possible to assume that the Tudor Dynasty could be removed by rebellion. The Tudor period can be seen as a time of unrest as each Tudor monarch had at least one rebellion during their reign. The majority of the Tudor rebellions were a significant threat as they attacked the authority of the Crown; suggesting a period of instability throughout the 100 years as each rebellion was a constant reminder of the fragile position of the monarchs during this time. For Henry VIII this can be illustrated by the Lincolnshire rising and the Pilgrimage of Grace in 1536-7 as the commons were driven to rebel. The same can be said for the Western Rebellion during the reign of Edward VI at a time when the Crown was vulnerable due to the King’s young age and lack of experience. Further still, Elizabeth encountered a situation which threatened her position as monarch during the Northern Rebellion of 1569, when people were reluctant to accept her as the rightful ruler and she faced further threats due to the situation abroad and in her attempts for religious change; thus making her position vulnerable. In addition, Elizabeth I faced hostility from others who were against her views such as in the Babington Plot which was a last attempt to create a rebellion against Elizabeth in support of Mary Queens of Scots. Moreover, within these rebellions there were factors that caused a great deal of danger to the overall security of the Tudor state. The nature of the rebellion, whether it be political, economic or religious played a large role in the protection of the Tudor state. Rebellions such as the Cornish rebellion in 1497 had begun due to…
One of the key reasons why Edward IV was able to defeat challenges to his rule in 1470-71, whereas Richard III was not in 1485, is the position of the opposition to the monarch at that time. If the opposition were not supported and in a disadvantageous situation then the threat that they posed would be significantly smaller than if they were supported and had an advantage, be it politically or resourcefully, on the ruler. Similarly, another of the reasons as to why one ruler could overcome such challenges and another couldn’t is the strength and position of the monarch themselves. This factor can also be significantly…
In The Deposition of Richard II, it is obvious that the English king was disliked by all. A list of his grievances was drawn up, citing all of his poor choices as king and the reasons why he should be dethroned. The number one cause of the hatred of him was “his evil rule, that is, he has given the goods and possession…
Once Richard took the throne he was known as Richard III. He was the great-great-grandson of Edward III and the uncle of the previous king Edward V. It was rumoured that he caused the death of the princes in the tower. Although it was never proven he had a motive to do it because he wanted the throne for himself. To help himself get there he also started a rumour that Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville’s marriage was illegitimate because Edward had already been set to marry someone before Elizabeth. People believed what they heard which meant they believed that Edward V was also illegitimate to have the throne, and so shortly after Richard was made king. During his reign the Buckingham Rebellion took place. Henry Stafford, The Duke of Buckingham, was once a loyal supporter of Richard but switched sides to bring Richard down. This caused Richard to build a huge army, but it wasn’t particularly strong. The rebellion failed leaving Richard still on the throne; however it left a…