Gilead is a society formed to counter the effects of the decreasing birthrates in America and is supposed to be pro-women. Its single intention is to control reproduction "Blessed is the fruit". Gilead does this in a very unorthodox yet ingenious way. They take complete control of women by restricting them from doing everything from voting and owning property, to reading or doing anything that makes them independent.
“We learned to whisper almost without sound. In the semidarkness we could stretch out our arms, when the Aunts weren't looking, and touch each other's hands across space. We learned to lip read, our heads flat on the beds, turned sideways, watching each other's mouths. In this way, we exchanged names, from bed to bed: Alma. Janine. Dolores. Moira. June.” ( Atwood, Page