Motivation
5 MOTIVATION AT WORK
CHAPTER SCAN
THIS IS THE FIRST OF TWO CHAPTERS ON MOTIVATION, BEHAVIOR, AND PERFORMANCE. THIS CHAPTER ADDRESSES THE EARLY CONTENT THEORIES OF MOTIVATION THAT ARE RELATED TO THE INTERNAL FACTORS THAT EXPLAIN BEHAVIOR. MASLOW'S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS AND MCGREGOR'S ASSUMPTIONS ARE DISCUSSED AND COMPARED. MCCLELLAND'S NEED THEORY IS PRESENTED, FOLLOWED BY A DISCUSSION OF HERZBERG'S TWO-FACTOR THEORY OF HYGIENE FACTORS AND MOTIVATORS. PROCESS THEORIES CONTAINED IN THIS CHAPTER INCLUDE EQUITY THEORY, SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORY, AND EXPECTANCY THEORY.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, you should be able to do the following:
1. Define motivation.
2. Explain how Theory X and Theory Y relate to Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
3. Discuss the needs for achievement, power, and affiliation.
4. Describe the two-factor theory of motivation.
5. Describe how inequity influences individual motivation and behavior.
6. Explain seven different strategies for resolving inequity.
7. Describe the expectancy theory of motivation.
8. Describe the cultural differences in motivation.
KEY TERMS
CHAPTER 5 INTRODUCES THE FOLLOWING KEY TERMS:
motivation psychoanalysis self-interest need hierarchy
Theory X
Theory Y need for achievement need for power need for affiliation motivation factor hygiene factor inequity equity sensitive benevolent entitled valence expectancy instrumentality moral maturity
THE CHAPTER SUMMARIZED
I. THINKING AHEAD: NONCOMPLIANCE AS A HIDDEN HEALTH THREAT
II. MOTIVATION AND WORK BEHAVIOR
Motivation is the process of arousing and sustaining goal-directed behavior. Motivation theories attempt to explain and predict observable behavior. Motivation theories may be classified as internal, process, or external theories. This is one of the most complex topics in organizational behavior because
CHAPTER SCAN
THIS IS THE FIRST OF TWO CHAPTERS ON MOTIVATION, BEHAVIOR, AND PERFORMANCE. THIS CHAPTER ADDRESSES THE EARLY CONTENT THEORIES OF MOTIVATION THAT ARE RELATED TO THE INTERNAL FACTORS THAT EXPLAIN BEHAVIOR. MASLOW'S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS AND MCGREGOR'S ASSUMPTIONS ARE DISCUSSED AND COMPARED. MCCLELLAND'S NEED THEORY IS PRESENTED, FOLLOWED BY A DISCUSSION OF HERZBERG'S TWO-FACTOR THEORY OF HYGIENE FACTORS AND MOTIVATORS. PROCESS THEORIES CONTAINED IN THIS CHAPTER INCLUDE EQUITY THEORY, SOCIAL EXCHANGE THEORY, AND EXPECTANCY THEORY.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter, you should be able to do the following:
1. Define motivation.
2. Explain how Theory X and Theory Y relate to Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
3. Discuss the needs for achievement, power, and affiliation.
4. Describe the two-factor theory of motivation.
5. Describe how inequity influences individual motivation and behavior.
6. Explain seven different strategies for resolving inequity.
7. Describe the expectancy theory of motivation.
8. Describe the cultural differences in motivation.
KEY TERMS
CHAPTER 5 INTRODUCES THE FOLLOWING KEY TERMS:
motivation psychoanalysis self-interest need hierarchy
Theory X
Theory Y need for achievement need for power need for affiliation motivation factor hygiene factor inequity equity sensitive benevolent entitled valence expectancy instrumentality moral maturity
THE CHAPTER SUMMARIZED
I. THINKING AHEAD: NONCOMPLIANCE AS A HIDDEN HEALTH THREAT
II. MOTIVATION AND WORK BEHAVIOR
Motivation is the process of arousing and sustaining goal-directed behavior. Motivation theories attempt to explain and predict observable behavior. Motivation theories may be classified as internal, process, or external theories. This is one of the most complex topics in organizational behavior because