Motivation Concepts Table and Analysis
Motivation Concepts Table and Analysis Ruby Rodriguez Psy/320 September 10, 2013 Ms. Barron
Theory Name
Major Theorist(s)
Time Period Created
Key Theory Concepts
Will:
Descartes
1637
The tendency to motivate all action.
The tendency to initiate and direct action.
Rand
1964
To have the intensions of to act or not.
Ruckmick
1936
To make an effort and develop the desire to act.
To resist self-denial or temptation.
Instinct
Darwin
1859-1872
The biological urges, impulses, and appetites to which the behavior is unlearned.
Drive
Freud
1915
The fulfillment of the satisfaction of needs towards the behavior.
Woodworth
1918
The role of behavior was to fulfill the needs of the body.
Drive – Internal Stimulation VIA Bodily Disturbances & External VIA Quality of Incentive
Clark Hull
1943, 1952
The drive to have a purely physiological basis, an ultimate basis of motivation, and could be predicted before it occurs. Equity
John Stacy Adams
1960
It is not the actual reward that motivates; it is the perception of it. Based from the effort put into something and the efforts of others. It is a comparison of the rewards received to the rewards of others.
Need
David McClelland
1961
Different needs motivate different people. Achievement: Seeks achievement, over realistic but challenging goals, and advancement in the job. There is a strong need for feedback. Affliction: form close personal relationships and interaction with other people. Power: motivated by authority, these type of people need to be influential, effective and to make an impact. “Personal status and prestige”.
Hierarchy
Of needs
Abraham Maslow
1943
Categorized as self-actualization, esteem, belongingness, and safety, physiological. Power needs take priority and must be fulfilled before others. Theories includes classification of each aspect of life such as sex, food, friends, freedom, approval, education, religion etc.
ERG
Existence
Relatedness
Growth
Theory Name
Major Theorist(s)
Time Period Created
Key Theory Concepts
Will:
Descartes
1637
The tendency to motivate all action.
The tendency to initiate and direct action.
Rand
1964
To have the intensions of to act or not.
Ruckmick
1936
To make an effort and develop the desire to act.
To resist self-denial or temptation.
Instinct
Darwin
1859-1872
The biological urges, impulses, and appetites to which the behavior is unlearned.
Drive
Freud
1915
The fulfillment of the satisfaction of needs towards the behavior.
Woodworth
1918
The role of behavior was to fulfill the needs of the body.
Drive – Internal Stimulation VIA Bodily Disturbances & External VIA Quality of Incentive
Clark Hull
1943, 1952
The drive to have a purely physiological basis, an ultimate basis of motivation, and could be predicted before it occurs. Equity
John Stacy Adams
1960
It is not the actual reward that motivates; it is the perception of it. Based from the effort put into something and the efforts of others. It is a comparison of the rewards received to the rewards of others.
Need
David McClelland
1961
Different needs motivate different people. Achievement: Seeks achievement, over realistic but challenging goals, and advancement in the job. There is a strong need for feedback. Affliction: form close personal relationships and interaction with other people. Power: motivated by authority, these type of people need to be influential, effective and to make an impact. “Personal status and prestige”.
Hierarchy
Of needs
Abraham Maslow
1943
Categorized as self-actualization, esteem, belongingness, and safety, physiological. Power needs take priority and must be fulfilled before others. Theories includes classification of each aspect of life such as sex, food, friends, freedom, approval, education, religion etc.
ERG
Existence
Relatedness
Growth
References: Emelander, S. (2009) The Four Drive Theory in the Workplace. Retrieved from http://www.articlesbase.com/human-resources-articles/the-four-drive-theory-in-the-workplace-1650121.html Reeve, J. (2009) Understanding motivation and emotions. Week One supplements. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, PSY320-Human Motivation.