Hazard prevention and environmental control. Ideally, the event would be prevented from occurring. This is currently unrealistic. Environmental control aims to stop the event by spreading energy over a greater area or period of time to prevent the event occurring.
Hazard resistant design; aims to protect people and structures from the full effects of the hazard. The focus is on the building design and engineered solutions, e.g. sea walls. Buildings can be designed to withstand hazards, and most public structures, e.g. roads, dams, bridge.
The initial emergency response was by immediately raising levees and roads, removing debris and clearing blocked creeks between Castle Rock and Longview.
By 1984, longer-term solutions were under way. A Corps project calmed Spirit Lake, which had risen nearly 200 feet due to the debris, by tunnelling 8,500 feet through Harry's Ridge and diverting some of the water to lower the lake's height.
Scientists in recent years have greatly improved their capability to predict. when and sometimes even where an eruption might take place, with lead times on the order of several days or less.
In my opinion, to prevent the disaster repeating itself we could educate more people on the dangers and make society aware. Also, use more technology and equipment to monitor the volcanic activity and warn town and neighbouring towns if any new information is gained or found. Another way to prevent this sort of disaster is to not make homes available too close to the volcano and relocate those at risk.