MAR JOSHUA C. RAFAEL VII-KNOWLEDGE MRS.LOURDES SIOBAL
* Strings * The kudlung is a form of zither. It is a stringed instrument having the body of a single piece of bamboo. The strings are composed of strips raised from its outer skin and bridged in place to produce various pitches. The kudlong is a two-stringed lute shaped like a boat. It has wooden tightening rods and frets made of beeswax. One string is often used for droning while the other is played for melody. The gitgit is a chordophone with three strings made of human hair. * Woodwinds * The lantoy or lantuy is a horizontal flute used to produce soothing sounds. It is made from a piece of bamboo with five carved finger holes. It comes in a variety of sizes and is a nose flute, meaning that it is played using air from the nostrils. * Percussion * The batiwtiw is a long piece of bamboo that has one split end. The split end is hit with the palm of the hand to produce a percussive buzzing sound. The kalutang is a large instrument played by several people. It has two large pieces of graduated wood whose various sections are hit to produce different pitches. Another form of the kalutang has several pieces of wood from 12 to 30 inches in length that are hit with a padded stick to produce different notes. They are used only for serious occasions, such as curing the sick. The agung is a pair of gongs that are often played alongside the kalutang. * Other Instruments * The buray-dipay is a rattle made from a large dried bean pod. It is often used in alongside other instruments. The kinaban, or jaw harp, is made from a thin piece of brass or bamboo with a vibrating tongue inside. The harp is held to the player's lips and its tongue is vibrated by striking it with the thumb. The player varies the shape of her mouth to change the resonance of the vibrations, creating different pitches and tones.
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