My Own

• popularly known as Plaridel

• leading propagandist for reforms in the Philippines

• editor and co-publisher of La Solidaridad

• born August 30, 1850 in Cupang, San Nicolas, Bulacan to Julian del Pilar and Blasa Gatmaytan

• died July 4, 1896 of tuberculosis, in Barcelona, Spain

• He tried to marshal the nationalist sentiment of the Filipino ilustrados, or bourgeoisie, against Spanish imperialism.

• He wrote "Dasalan at Tuksuhan" and also made a parody of "Our Father", where the "father" was the friar who in a way, abused the Filipinos back then.

• Plaridel is the chosen "patron saint" of today’s journalists, as his life and works prized freedom of thought and opinion most highly, loving independence above any material gain.

➢ Early Life and Education – He learned his first letters from his paternal uncle Alejo.

– In Manila he took a Latin course in the school of Jose Flores and then transferred at the Colegio de San Jose, where he finished his Bachelor of Arts degree.

– He also studied at the Universidad de Santo Tomas, where he obtained his law degree in 1880.

– Marcelo H. del Pilar as a propagandist was already established before an order for his arrest forced him to flee the country in 1880.

– Marcelo H. Del Pilar - served as editor of the vernacular section ofthe Diariong Tagalog (Tagalog Newspaper).

➢ Publication assailing the Spanish friars

– On August 1, 1882, he put out Diariong Tagalog, a nationalist newspaper. Here he publicly denounced Spanish mal- administration of the Philippines. His attacks were mostly directed against the friars whom he considered to be mainly responsible for the oppression of the Filipinos.

– La Soberanía Monacal en Filipinas (Monastic Sovereignty in the Philippines) was among the first pamphlets he wrote in Spain.

– Wrote Caiingat Cayo, a defense for Rizal’s novel, Noli Me Tangere when the latter was

➢ Escape from Clerical Prosecution

– del Pilar began his campaign in 1869 writing petitions to the colonial authorities, exposing abusive local civil and religious officials.

– On March 1, 1888, the populace of Manila staged a public demonstration against the friars.

– He also wrote the November 20 and 21, 1887, complaints of the Navotas folk against their friar-curate.

– He wrote the September 30, 1887, petition of the natives of Binondo Manila, to the governor general.

– Sought by the religious and civil authorities, he escaped to Spain.

– Before his departure, he organized Caja de Jesus, María y José and Junta de Programa.

➢ Life in Spain

– Del Pilar arrived in Spain on January 1, 1889.

– Del Pilar headed the political section of the Asociación Hispano-Filipina founded in Madrid by Filipinos and Spanish sympathizers, the purpose of which was to agitate for reforms from Spain.

– He succeeded Graciano López Jaena as the editor of the newspaper La Solidaridad on December 15, 1889.

– Lessthan a year after he arrived in Spain, del Pilar realized the futility of the Filipino campaign for reforms.

➢ Later years and Death

– After years of publication from 1889 to 1895, La Solidaridad had begun to run out of funds.

– Its last issue appeared on November 15, 1895.

– Months before the revolution, del Pilar circulated in Manila and neighboring provinces his political works entitled La Patria and Ministerio de la Republica Filipina.

– He left with his friend Fernando Canon a message for his daughter, saying that he had received the sacraments of the church before dying.

– López Jaena had died six months earlier in Barcelona in a similar hospital run by the Sisters of Charity, and is said to have retracted masonry and received the sacraments as del Pilar did.

– His remains were brought back in 1920 to his final resting place, now known as Dambana ni Plaridel under the National Historical Institute located in San Nicolas, Bulacan, Bulacan.

➢ The Philippines: A Past Revisited. Renato Constantino

Marcelo del Pilar was the greatest journalist produced by the purely Filipino race.

We did not consider him an artful filibuster; at times we saw in him the calculating conspirator, the journalist gone astray, who had no real hatred for the sovereign country, through he showed he had it for the state of affairs prevailing in the Philippines.

➢ Notable Works

– Ang Pagibig sa Tinubúang Lupà (Love of Country, 1882) – Caiigat Cayó (Be as Slippery as an Eel, 1888) – Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Mockeries, 1888) – Ang Cadaquilaan nang Dios (The Greatness of God, 1888) – La Soberanía Monacal en Filipinas (Monastic Supremacy in the Philippines, 1888) – Pasióng Dapat Ipag-alab nang Puso nang Tauong Babasa (Passion That Should Inflame the Heart of the Reader, 1888) – La Frailocracía Filipina (Friarocracy in the Philippines, 1889) – Sagót ng España sa Hibíc ng Filipinas (Spain's Reply to the Cry of the Philippines, 1889) – Dupluhan... Dalits... Bugtongs (A Poetical Contest in Narrative Sequence, Psalms, Riddles, 1907) – Sa Bumabasang Kababayan (unpublished)

➢ Contribution

– he helped the propaganda movement through his speeches and writings. – he also founded a nationalistic newspaper intitled diaryong tagalog in 1888 but the publication did not last long. His activities irritated the autories

• popularly known as Diego Laura - to solicit more aid for the Propaganda movement in Spain.

• Born in Jaro, Iloilo, on December 18, 1856.

• A Filipino Journalist, Orator, Revolutionary, and National Hero

• Revolutionist from Iloilo

• was famous for his written work the “La Solidaridad”.

• Sonof Placido López (a general rapairman) and Maria Jacoba Jaena (a seamstress).

➢ Fray Botod

– At the age of 18 he had the audacity to write the story.

– Although it was not published a copy circulated in the region but the Friars could not prove that López Jaena was the author.

➢ In Spain

– There he was to become a leading literary and oratorical spokesman for the cause of Filipino freedom

– Historians regard López Jaena, along with Marcelo del Pilar and José Rizal, as the triumvirate of Filipino propagandists

– Of these three López Jaena was t he first to arrive and may be said the Genesis of the propaganda movement.

– López Jaena pursued his medical studies at University of Valencia but didn’t finish it.

– Once Rizal reproached Lopéz Jaena for not finishing his medical studies. Graciano replied."

– "On the shoulders of slaves should not rest a doctors cape.“ Rizal countermanded , , "The shoulders do not honor the doctors cape, but the doctors cape honors the shoulders."

➢ Contributions

– he is remembered for his literary contributions to the propaganda movement. He founded the fortnightly newspaper, La Solidaridad (Solidarity). When the publication office moved from Barcelona to Madrid the editorship went to Marcelo H. del Pilar.

➢ LA SOLIDARIDAD

– In addition he is remembered for his literary contributions to the propaganda movement. He founded the fortnightly newspaper, (Solidarity).

– created in 1888 in SpaIN to represent and advocate the Filipino cause at the Spanish parliament.

– Headed by Dr. Ljose rizals cousin, Galicano ApacibLE , it also issued a newspaper of the same name which was published in Barcelona between 1889 and 1895.

– One can see in the first issue the aims of the La Solidaridad. The first is to spread and to defend the aspirations of democracy. The second is to support the growth of politics, science, art, literature, and commerce.

– Several writers contributed to La Solidaridad over its six years of existence, like Antonio Luna Anastacio Carpio, Mariano Ponce, Antonio M.a Regidor, José M.a Panganiban, Isabelo delos Reyes, Eduardo de Lete, José Alejandrino, and Pedro Paterno. One of the most prolific contributors though was Rizals confidante Ferdinand Blumentritt, whose impassioned defense of the Filipino interests was said to have been inspirational to the other writers and the readers of the newspaper alike.

➢ Death of Graciano

– He died of Tuberculosis on January 20, 1896.

– His Death was followed on July 4th by Marcelo H. del Pilar and, on December 30th of Jose Rizal by firing squad.

– Two and a half years before the declaration of independence from Spain by Emilio Aguinaldo. Had he lived longer, his accomplishments would have doubtless been greater.

➢ Notable Works – Fray Botod (Big Bellied Friar) – La Hija del Fraile (The Daughter of a Friar) – Esperanza (Hope)

His Works

– happen to be fortunate enough to take hold of a copy of a book about his life's works. This book was published during the early 1970's and is a special issue made in tribute to his brilliance, stainless patriotism and immense love for the Philippines. ( The book is entitled Graciano Lopez Jaena: Speeches, Articles, and Letters.)

His Works part ll

This speech was delivered at a banquet given by the Filipinos of Madrid in Honor of the Minister of Colonies Mr. Fernando de León y Castillo who signed on 25 June 1881 the royal decree providing for the abolition of the tobacco monopoly. The Filipinos rejoiced because they had long suffered under the oppressive monopoly. Under the monopoly, the government compelled the natives to cultivate a fixed number of tobacco plants and punished them severely if their harvests were unsatisfactory.

All of his works found posted in this blog was copied from the book stated in an earlier post, Graciano Lopez-Jaena: Speeches, Articles and Letters.

His Works. part lll

This reflection was written by Dr. Graciano Lopez-Jaena as a tribute to the death of Pepe Panganiban. All of his works found posted in this blog was copied from the book stated in an earlier post, Graciano Lopez-Jaena: Speeches, Articles and Letters.

His Works. part lV

Another work of Dr. Graciano Lopez-Jaena. All of his works found posted in this blog was copied from the book stated in an earlier post, Graciano Lopez-Jaena: Speeches, Articles and Letters.

His Works. part V

This is a Letter written by Dr. Graciano Lopez-Jaena to Dr. Jose Rizal, congratulating him on his new novel, El Filibusterismo. All of his works found posted in this blog was copied from the book stated in an earlier post, Graciano Lopez-Jaena: Speeches, Articles and Letters.

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Marcelo H. del Pilar

Graciano Lopez Jaena