In southern Illinois in Collinsville, the largest prehistoric settlement north of Mexico can be found. This is the Cahokia Mounds State Historic Site which is 4,000 acres. How Cahokia began and ended to this day is still considered a mystery. The people of Cahokia built more thank 120 earth mounds as landmarks, tombs, and ceremonial platforms. The largest of these mounds is Monks Mound. It covers more than 14 acres, and it once supported a 5,000-square-foot temple on top. Monks Mound is a flat top dirt pyramid which originally took between 15 and 20 billion pounds of soil to construct. This mound is bigger than and of the three great pyramids in Giza, Egypt. Today, Monks Mound has four distinct terraces. It is believed that the building at the summit was the residence for the leader of Cahokia. At the top of Monks Mound, a ruler could see nearly all of Cahokia. It would also be considered a symbol of authority, the governing ruler towering above all of the rest of the city. The amount of man hours needed to construct such a structure must have been astronomical. It is believed that Monks Mound was constructed in various phases over a two to three hundred period. The Cahokians did not have a written language to accompany their spoken one. By the time European settlers arrived in America, Cahokia was all but deserted. The name for Monks Mound comes from the French monks who settled there in the late 17th and 18th centuries. Without any record keeping, it is hard for some to believe that Cahokia possessed an organized government. Writing is generally seen as a prerequisite to the kind of record keeping needed for an organized government. Cahokia was an agricultural state and it crumbled nearly 700 years ago. One possible reason is malnutrition. Cahokian's diets lacked protein. Cahokia is believed to not have had many domestic animals so it would have been much harder for them to obtain sources of protein. Their main…
8. What conclusions can you draw about the engineering skills of the people who created this burial site? Based on how savage and primitive you may have thought these people were, how does Sutton Hoo change your estimation of their accomplishments? They had a complex understanding of engineering and it completely changed my perspective of their accomplishments…
For the structure atop the hill it will be useful to make horizontal excavations as they can show large areas of site to uncover structure plans or settlement layouts. Although we can see the structure with the naked eye, there may also be parts of it that we cannot see because of the damage the fires have caused. The horizontal excavation will be 3m x 9m, so that we may have an opportunity in finding hidden chambers or rooms underneath the ceremonial structures. It is very likely that we find human remains in the ceremonial structures because of sacrifice rituals they may have done. The remains will allow us to conduct DNA testing and determine things we could not from other objects.…
Megaliths: Structures & complexes of very large stones constructed for ceremonial & religious purposes in Neolithic times.…
The Mississippi Valley is a land of rich history and what is now the state of Illinois is full of interesting stories from its past. However one of those stories dating back from 700 A.D, tells of a culture named the Cahokia and is shrouded with a mysterious past. The rise and fall of this ancient culture has captured the interest of people around the world. Their gigantic man made mounds and artifacts of a once powerful culture that disappeared without a trace has been one of the largest mysteries of this nation.…
Another work of art was Megaliths or ‘big stones’ were constructed without the use of mortar and represent the most basic form of architectural construction. The original purpose is still unknown but its orientation toward the rising sun of the summer solstice indicated a connection to planting and harvest.…
The first Native American Moundbuilders had lived east of the Mississippi River in Louisiana in 3400 BC. This was four hundred years before the Egyptian pyramids were built. The largest mound found in Louisiana was twenty-five feet high. The people in this group lived closely to bodies of water such as rivers and lakes and survived mainly on shellfish and fish. The Moundbuilders created relatively large piles of dirt domes that were used for marking territory, performing ceremonies, and were even sites for trade. The trade that was passed through consisted of beads, animal figurines, small stone tools and copper.…
Overall, being able to pick on such characteristics about the Olmec people and their beliefs relating to caves, the underworld, and ceremonial purposes aid us in understanding how their complex culture operated and why such artworks were uncovered in places like Juxtlahuaca, Oxtotitlan, and the Pyramid of the…
Human curiosity is shared between both the Biblical creation story and the Native American myths .Both the Bibles account of creation and the Native American myths tell about an intelligent creator that created complicated beings. Creators in both of the stories have a dwelling in the sky. In Genesis, the creator God dwells in heaven. In Native American stories, the creator lives in the sky and is known as the Sky God. However much these two stories have in common, their differences are considerably stronger. One story places human above nature, while the other place animals above humans. The creation of humans is different, and the worlds in which human life began are unalike.…
Watching the NOVA special Cracking the Maya Code made me realize a lot of things about the Maya’s and about their language that I had never before known. I thought it was very interesting how they figured out the Dresden codex correlated to a time the universe had started. Even more than that, they correlated that to our calendar, to help them date the hieroglyphics that they found. I think it is really interesting how they recreated what the Maya cities would have looked like, and how the civilizations would have been. I think one of the most important discoveries described in the video though was the one stilla of the Mayans has historical relevance. This discovery helped the archeologists to put together a much better picture of history and of life in Maya time. It is as close to written document as the historians are going to get, which makes it so cool that they found this discovery.…
Mound-building termites or just mound builders are a group of termite species that live in mounds. This group of termites live in Africa, Australia and South America. The mounds sometimes have a diameter of 30 metres. Most of the mounds are found in well drained areas. Termite mounds usually out live the colonies themselves. If the inner tunnels of the nest are exposed it is usually dead, however, sometimes other colonies occupy a mound after the death of the original builders. The new colonizers may be of the same or a different species.…
Have you ever wondered how many of the great marvels of the world were created? The pyramids of Egypt were a great marvel constructed by men—as far as we know it—with such precision that it’s makes you wonder. The pyramids are not a building stile only know to Egyptians. The Mayans also use pyramid style buildings in their temples. Why two different civilizations, separated by miles away with no connection with each other, built so precise constructions, like the pyramids? Somehow they were influenced by the same culture.…
The Babylon Ishtar Gate There are many wonders of the ancient world that have been found by archeologists. Of these treasures found, one of the greatest and most beautiful has been the Ishtar Gate of Babylon. Babylon was the capital of a city in Mesopotamia, in the current day Iraq.(Hirst,Archeology.about.com) Babylon was damaged by weather, age and wars (the Iraq and USA war) but still archeologists managed to find the gate. (Hirst,Archeology.about.com)…
“The practice of building sepulchral mounds and burying treasures with the dead was transmitted to Japan from the Asian continent about the third century A.D.” (B. Ford, 1987, p.24) Locally these mega structures were called Kofun Burial Mounds, titled after the Ancient Japanese period in which they were built, the Kofun Period (300 – 800 C.E.) The sites of more than 10 000 keyhole tombs still remain in Japan, though direct access to these tombs is difficult due to governmental conservation and practices. Kofun burial mounds, while not only serving as a place for family members to pay their respects to the deceased, reflected the social and economic status of their owners.…
The Aztecs, Mayans, and Egyptians have built massive pyramids in which the actual building process cannot be explained today. Building an Egyptian pyramid could take many years and thousands of workers. Stone had to be cut into large blocks and dragged to the site. There, alongside the rising pyramid, workers had built huge ramps out of bricks and rubble. They dragged the blocks up these ramps on wooden rollers and placed them on the pyramid structure. As they built the pyramid higher and higher, they extended the ramps (Lusted, 2010). There 's a catch to this theory, though: Dragging the huge blocks up a short, steep ramp would have been impossible for the workers. The ramp would have required a gentle slope. But a gently sloping ramp between the ground and the pyramid 's upper reaches would have been a mile long. Histories of the pyramid 's construction include no mention of a 1-mile ramp, a feat of engineering that would have been astounding in itself (Westrub, 2008). Most of the Aztec and Mayan pyramids Were temples to worship their various gods. In ancient times modern man would be viewed as god-like, therefore an extraterrestrial lifeform would definitely be viewed as a god. According to von Danikens, many of the ancient monuments like the pyramids are of extraterrestrial builders…