Anthropologists and historians believe that the first inhabitants of the Western Hemisphere were migrants from Asia, most of whom most probably came by land between 13,000 B.C. and 9000 B.C. across a hundred-mile-wide land bridge between Siberia and Alaska. About 3000 B.C., some Native American peoples developed better cultivation techniques and began to farm a variety of crops, most notably maize (corn), which resulted in agricultural surpluses that laid the economic foundation for populous and wealthy societies in Mexico, Peru, and the Mississippi River Valley.…
They sustained their agriculture through a huge network of irrigation canals that carried water long distances.…
The removal of American Indian tribes from lands east of the Mississippi River to what is now the state of Oklahoma is one of the tragic episodes in American history. Early treaties signed by American agents and representatives of Indian tribes guaranteed peace and the integrity of Indian territories, primarily to assure that the lucrative fur trade would continue without interruption. American settlers' hunger for Indian land, however, led to violent conflict in many cases, and succeeding treaties generally compelled tribes to cede large areas to the United States government.…
Pope’s message warning Indians Hanke, P. "Christopher Columbus: The Untold Story ."http://www.understandingprejudice.org/nativeiq/columbus.htm. N.p., n.d. Web. 7 Jul 2010.…
American Indians have been around for more than 15,000 years. Although Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492, there were already people living in what is now called the United States. During the 1800s, American Indians had to deal with all the immigrants from Europe “invading their land”. The Native Americans tried to resist relocation due to the Westward Expansion, but because of reduced population through disease and warfare and assimilation with the immigrants, they didn’t have much of a choice.…
When exploring both the historical oppression of Native Americans and the race’s current challenges, historians can recognize how Indians are living with the remnants of their past. The United States growth as a nation was at the expense of Native Americans, who suffered through genocide, dislocation, and violence from the white man. The historical trauma Native Americans endured has a cumulative emotional and psychological toll, which the ethnicity experiences today. For many tribes, their history is an obstacle for prospective changes and advancement. In the future, to assist Indians in surmounting the trials and tribulations they face, American citizens must spread awareness of the challenges of life on an Indian reservation and aide the group. The United States must finally disregard the stereotypical image of Indians and instead allow Native Americans to win the battle to maintain their cultural identity and traditions. With determination and resilience, in the future, Native Americans can break through the historical barriers of oppression and enjoy financial, familial, and cultural…
On a much more psychological aspect of European impact on the Native Peoples was through…
The article that we were assigned to read, made me a bit aggravated at some points. To start off, there were far too many contradictions in this article to be considered a "good read" in my opinion. The first thing that caught my eye while reading, was the giant, bold, blue paragraph sections that stated "fact." While reading numerous "fact" paragraphs, quite a few times I came across the phrase "most likely" "it was assumed" or "points to." These phrases, do not point to facts, nor do they belong in a facts paragraph. These phrases still point to doubt and uncertainty and for all the reader knows, can still be an opinion of the writer. Personally as a reader, when I place something in a fact or opinion category, I make sure that it is properly placed in its group. A fact, is something that is proven and definite, not something that can still be swayed into another group. Another contradiction that I saw, was stated in the first few "Fact" paragraphs, that every day is typically celebrated as a day of thanks for Native Americans. Every day is celebrated as thanksgiving. Then, in the last paragraph, it says that thanksgiving is a day of mourning for Native Americans. Thanksgiving serves as a day of thanks in the beginning of the article, then serves as a day of mourning in the…
Did you know that one group of native Americans don't use any type of boat for transportation. Many groups used kayaks canoes and boats but one group does not, and the Inuit, Haida, and Iroquois all hunt with bows and arrows but ,the Inuit live in a more harsh climate, the Haida have a legend on how it came to be, and the Iroquois don't use boats.…
1. What was the economy like for Native Americans in various regions before European settlers arrived.…
The Government had agreed to deal with the Natives through "formal treaties", but a lot of changes were made as the government erased and redrew treaty line after treaty line, making their way more towards West. However, many Americans felt respect towards the Indians. They wanted them to be part of their society so they tried to Christianize them, civilize them, gave them the chance to attain literacy. Some Tribes resisted and some followed, especially the "Five Civilized Tribes"-which included the Seminoles, Cherokee, Creeks, Choctaw, and the Chickasaw. The Native Americans related to these tribes went to school, learned about agriculture, owned private property, and even owned black slaves. They became very open to the idea of joining the…
Many people in today’s world do not realize just how important Native Americans were to our country many years ago and they definitely do not realize the impact they have made in our present time. This is why I made the title “How Important are Native Americans in the Past Present and Future.” This lack of knowledge in regards to Native American impacts is largely caused by the school systems in our country. They tend to leave out all of the things that the Native Americans were apart of as well as did for the people in our history. For my class, I want my students to no longer have that lack of information about the impact that the Native Americans made to their ancestors…
This paper addresses a question that for some reason has received relatively less attention of psychologists. The question relates to how do persons who enter an organization with a different cultural mindset deal with the roles and fellow colleagues in work settings (in this case, academic work setting) of a diametrically different mindset. To my knowledge, studies on acculturation too have left this question unanswered, although, their major focus has been on contacts between cultures. It is in this context that I find this study quite welcome. The study focuses on the tribal world view of the Native American academics which is characterized…
The collision occurred in 1492 on an island off of two large, vast continents. Millions of years ago, the northern portion of the continent was covered in thick sheets of ice. This provided the passageway for nomadic hunters from Asia to cross over from Siberia (Kennedy and Cohen 5). The descendants of these Native Americans were met with Christopher Columbus, who believed that he had reached the Indies. Columbus called these people “Indians” and the misnomer stuck (Kennedy and Cohen 14). Countless explorers delved further into the continent after Columbus, who made one of the greatest blunders in history. Although Columbus did not actually find a faster route to the Indies, he did spur Europeans from the Old World to venture westward into the New World (Kennedy and Cohen 14-20). The people of both worlds…
A common saying within our society is that history repeats itself. This expression, although short and simple, is more accurate than one would think. This repetition is seen in all corners of history, in all walks of life, and in every single time period. It is almost exactly like the circle of life; an idea is born, the idea grows and develops, the idea is accepted, the idea is rejected, but the idea never dies. Instead, it haunts society until it is once again needed by the community. In the past, one sees how capitalism aided in the removal of Native Americans, now, today this is seen once again as history repeats itself.…