Nazi Prosecution
What has been achieved by prosecuting Nazis alleged to have committed crimes against the Jews?
"While fighting for victory the German soldier will observe the rules for chivalrous warfare. Cruelties and senseless destruction are below his standard" , or so the commandment printed in every German Soldiers paybook would have us believe. Yet during the Second World War thousands of Jews were victims of war crimes committed by Nazi 's, whose actions subverted the code of conduct they claimed to uphold and contravened legislation outlined in the Geneva Convention. It is this legislature that has paved the way for the Jewish community and political leaders to attempt to redress the Nazi 's violation, by prosecuting individuals allegedly responsible. Convicting Nazi criminals is an implicit declaration by post-World War II society that the Nazi regime 's extermination of over five million Jews won 't go unnoticed.
Many of the alleged Nazi war criminals that were captured had attempted to evade prosecution shortly before the end of the war. Some opted for suicide, rather than risk capture while others used the Austrian and German Underground offers of fake passports and other means of forged identification to assume a new identity . A choice opted for by many, that virtually guaranteed them a new life with remote chance of detection was to travel to the Anglo-American countries after immigration quotas were raised. Over 4000 Nazi criminals sought refuge in Australia . Many lied about their history to gain entry into their new home and proceeded to blend in, unnoticed by our government. They were no longer Nazi criminals but new citizens with a hidden past. Lists of suspected criminals were compiled and alleged perpetrators systematically captured and put to trial.
In 1943, under Soviet leadership the first war crime trials were conducted, however the first trial to involve the Allied powers was the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal in 1945
"While fighting for victory the German soldier will observe the rules for chivalrous warfare. Cruelties and senseless destruction are below his standard" , or so the commandment printed in every German Soldiers paybook would have us believe. Yet during the Second World War thousands of Jews were victims of war crimes committed by Nazi 's, whose actions subverted the code of conduct they claimed to uphold and contravened legislation outlined in the Geneva Convention. It is this legislature that has paved the way for the Jewish community and political leaders to attempt to redress the Nazi 's violation, by prosecuting individuals allegedly responsible. Convicting Nazi criminals is an implicit declaration by post-World War II society that the Nazi regime 's extermination of over five million Jews won 't go unnoticed.
Many of the alleged Nazi war criminals that were captured had attempted to evade prosecution shortly before the end of the war. Some opted for suicide, rather than risk capture while others used the Austrian and German Underground offers of fake passports and other means of forged identification to assume a new identity . A choice opted for by many, that virtually guaranteed them a new life with remote chance of detection was to travel to the Anglo-American countries after immigration quotas were raised. Over 4000 Nazi criminals sought refuge in Australia . Many lied about their history to gain entry into their new home and proceeded to blend in, unnoticed by our government. They were no longer Nazi criminals but new citizens with a hidden past. Lists of suspected criminals were compiled and alleged perpetrators systematically captured and put to trial.
In 1943, under Soviet leadership the first war crime trials were conducted, however the first trial to involve the Allied powers was the Nuremberg International Military Tribunal in 1945
Bibliography: Aarrons, Mark, Sanctuary! Nazi Fugitives in Australia, William Heinemann, Australia, 1989. Berenbaum, Michael, The World Must Know. The History of the Holocaust as Told in the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Little, Brown & Company, Boston/Toronto/London, 1993. Dawidowicz, Lucy,S., The War Against the Jews 1933-45, Penguin,London, 1987. Dear, I.C.B. (ed), The Oxford Companion to the Second World War, Oxford University Press, New York, 1995, pp.824-826, 1257-1289. Extracts 9.1, 9.2 & 9.3, AIH 152. The Holocaust: The Final Solution and Beyond,1941 - , Deakin University, Geelong, 1997. Kwiet, K., Section 9, 'The prosecution of Nazi war crimes: A never-ending story ', AIH 152. The Holocaust: The Final Solution and Beyond,1941 - , Deakin University, Geelong, 1997. Lord Russell of Liverpool, The Scourge of the Swastika, New Portway, Great Britain, 1985, p.253. Marrus, M. & Paxton R., Vichy France and the Jews, Basic Books Inc. Publishers, New York, 1981. Marrus, Michael R., The Holocaust in History, Penguin, London, 1987. Wiesenthal, Simon, Justice - Not Vengeance, Wiedenfeld and Nicolson, London, 1989.