The first doctoral dissertation in bibliotherapy was written in 1949 by the American Caroline Shrodes. There are clear links from psychotherapy to bibliotherapy, but bibliotherapy bottoms in other theories. Shrodes also expresses the same three phases in the bibliotherapeutic process: identification, catharsis, and insight. Readers identify, recognize themselves in the text, and live into it so they can look at their own life from a different perspective. The reading may thus have positive and liberating emotional impact on the individual concerned.
The clinical bibliotherapy focuses on therapeutic and healing effect on reading and conversation. Here collaborating librarian with a doctor who monitors and controls his work.
Today bibliotherapy is used in a hospital, where the long-term patients can borrow books in a hospital library. The patients can be in groups or alone for discussing with a librarian or therapist the works they read, and the feelings and thoughts that the reading evoked. Even counselors, doctors, and social workers can utilize literature as therapy or aids together with their patients.
Bibliographic therapeutic methods can be used both in the social and health services as well as integrated in occupational health and tutorials, but also among various leisure activities.
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