Nernst Equilibrium Lab Report

After collecting, calculating, and analyzing data, the results contradict my hypothesis that the voltage will increase due to the concentration of the cathode increasing. Instead, by increasing the concentration of the cathode, the voltage of the galvanic cell will decrease due to the equilibrium shift to the left. The highest concentration (1.5 mol dm-3 ) was the lowest out of the 3 trials at 1.68 volts, thus proving that the higher concentration the lower the voltage. When the concentration of the product decreases, it will drive the equilibrium to the right to minimize the impact. Although, the lowest calculation (0.5 mol dm-3) is not necessarily the highest out of all 3 trials, it is not far off from 1 molar solution, only 0.2 Volts. The system’s attempt to remain at equilibrium by minimizing the impact, refers to le Châtelier's Principle. The voltage is the highest at 1.87Volts when both the concentrations of the cathode and
With modifications to the procedure less percent error would occur and conducting more trials will provide more accurate and precise data, enabling for the experiment value to be at least within the range of the uncertainty. Such modifications include the usage of different solution and salt bridges after conducting each trial. However, one strength of the experiment is the precise calculation and measurement of Copper Sulfate, Sodium Chloride, and Magnesium Sulfate, as well as the creation of the 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 molar solutions. The process of measuring the exact amount of salt and then ensuring of said salt to completely dissolve in water. As well as filling the graduated cylinder with the solution at exactly at 50 mL of water, reading the graduated cylinder at the meniscus. Therefore, the voltage will decrease if the concentration of the cathode increases and increase if the concentration of the cathode