Nervous System I: Ion Channels
Nervous System I: Ion Channels
1. What structures in the cell membrane function as ion channels?
Integral Proteins 2. Ion channels are selective for specific ions. What three characteristics of the ions are important for this selectivity?
1. Charge
2. Size
3. Amount of water the ion attracts 3. Channels can be classified as either gated or nongated channels. A sodium channel that is always open would be classified as a/an __________nongated______________ channel. 4. Would sodium ions move into or out of the neuron through these channels? _______Into________ 5. Voltage-gated potassium channels open at what voltage? ______-55____ mV 6. Acetylcholine (ACh) and GABA are neurotransmitters that open chemically gated channels. What ions pass into the cell when these channels are activated?
a. ACh: ______sodium_____________ ions
b. GABA: ___chloride_____________ ions 7. Ion channels are regionally located and functionally unique. List all the areas on the neuron and the type of potential dependent on the following types of ion channels:
Channels
Areas on the Neuron
Type of Potential
Passive
Dendrites, Cell body, & Axon
Resting membrane potential
Chemically gated
Dendrites & Cell body
Synaptic Potential
Voltage gated
Axon Hillock & Axons
Action Potential 8. From the quiz, place an “X” by the characteristics of voltage-gated sodium channels.
_____ Always open
__X__ Found along the axon
__X__ Important for action potential
__X__ Opened and closed by gates
_____ Found on the dendrites and cell bodies
_____ Important for resting membrane potential 9. Name two channels (gated or nongated) through which chloride ions could pass into the cell.
1. __Passive Chloride___________
2. __Chemically Gated (GABA)___ 10. a. The Japanese puffer fish contains a deadly toxin (tetrodotoxin). What type of channels does this toxin block? __Sodium-gated voltage channels__ b. What potential would this toxin block? _Action Potential_ c. What
1. What structures in the cell membrane function as ion channels?
Integral Proteins 2. Ion channels are selective for specific ions. What three characteristics of the ions are important for this selectivity?
1. Charge
2. Size
3. Amount of water the ion attracts 3. Channels can be classified as either gated or nongated channels. A sodium channel that is always open would be classified as a/an __________nongated______________ channel. 4. Would sodium ions move into or out of the neuron through these channels? _______Into________ 5. Voltage-gated potassium channels open at what voltage? ______-55____ mV 6. Acetylcholine (ACh) and GABA are neurotransmitters that open chemically gated channels. What ions pass into the cell when these channels are activated?
a. ACh: ______sodium_____________ ions
b. GABA: ___chloride_____________ ions 7. Ion channels are regionally located and functionally unique. List all the areas on the neuron and the type of potential dependent on the following types of ion channels:
Channels
Areas on the Neuron
Type of Potential
Passive
Dendrites, Cell body, & Axon
Resting membrane potential
Chemically gated
Dendrites & Cell body
Synaptic Potential
Voltage gated
Axon Hillock & Axons
Action Potential 8. From the quiz, place an “X” by the characteristics of voltage-gated sodium channels.
_____ Always open
__X__ Found along the axon
__X__ Important for action potential
__X__ Opened and closed by gates
_____ Found on the dendrites and cell bodies
_____ Important for resting membrane potential 9. Name two channels (gated or nongated) through which chloride ions could pass into the cell.
1. __Passive Chloride___________
2. __Chemically Gated (GABA)___ 10. a. The Japanese puffer fish contains a deadly toxin (tetrodotoxin). What type of channels does this toxin block? __Sodium-gated voltage channels__ b. What potential would this toxin block? _Action Potential_ c. What