Transplanting neural stem cells in to various levels in the spinal cord to slow the disease progression and improve motor function and breathing, ·…
Brett reached into a clogged snow blower to clear the chute while it was still running. He completely severed one finger and partially severed another on his left hand. After lengthy surgery to reattach his fingers, he has regained much of his motor ability but has lost some of his sensory function. What factors are involved that affect the regeneration of Brett’s neurons and neuron function?…
The nervous system is susceptible to many disease and disorders. Nervous system degenerative diseases are those where neurons, parts of neurons, or any part of the nervous system become damaged and die. The purpose of this study…
Nevertheless Spinal Cord injuries will be able to be treated as a result of using stem cells which can regrow the damaged spinal cord. Also there will not be any need for organ transplant because the stem cell can allow the regrowth of a person’s organ lost either through an accident, tissue damage or disease. This will make it easier for the receiver as the organ will come from their own DNA and therefore there will not be any risk of organ.…
This activity will increase your understanding of the different structures of the nervous system and brain. During the Web activity, you will view a variety of structures of the brain and nervous system and label each with the appropriate term. You will use this document to write a description for the terms you used in the activity.…
Multiple sclerosis or MS is a very difficult disease to live with. It affects vision, hearing, memory, and balance. According to the Multiple Sclerosis International Federation (2013) multiple sclerosis is usually diagnosed in women twice as much as men and affects people between the ages of 20 and 40. MS is a disease that influences nerve cells in the spinal chord and brain. In a healthy body, nerve cells send messages to the brain and the rest of the body so we can move, feel, hear and see. With MS, the immune system of the body attacks the nerve cells so that they cannot function accordingly (Multiple Sclerosis…, 2008). A huge way to treat MS is with stem cell based therapy. The Multiple Sclerosis Society of Canada (2007) believes that there is evidence of important benefits to people with MS through stem cell research. Stem cells are part of the body’s usual repair system; they constantly make new cells to replace ones that die. It may be possible to use certain types of stem cells to “reset” the immune system to prevent it from attacking the nerve cells. In the future, scientists hope that stem cells might be able to re-grow nerves that have been lost (Multiple Sclerosis…, 2008). Using stem cells to treat a disease like MS causes some controversy. This is because some stem cells used are embryonic stem cells. And to receive embryonic stem cells they require the destruction of the embryo, which some people see as the destruction of a human being (National MS Society, 2009). The issue comes down to the question of when life really starts and if it is worth helping someone with a horrible disease.…
Thursday, January 30, 2014 Nervous Tissue ! Anatomy & Physiology - Overall Purpose of the Nervous System ! • To keep controlled conditions within limits that maintain life health and homeostasis ! - Regulates body activities by responding via nerve impulses, works with the endocrine system which responds by releasing hormones ! • Responsible for our behavior, memories, and movements !…
12-2 Sketch and label the structure of a typical neuron, describe the functions of each component, and classify neurons on the basis of their structure and function.…
The first one is the central nervous system which includes the brain and the spinal cord. The nerves of these two structures are in control of body movement. The second division includes the rest of the nerves and ganglia that are not included in the central nervous system, which serve as communications relay and it’s known as the peripheral nervous system (Marieb, E.N. & Hoehn, K.). The existence of both divisions is very important because their function is necessary in order to maintain a homeostasis. The peripheral nervous pick up stimuli through receptors from the external environment. Stimuli is then sent to the brain for processing via afferent sensory neurons. Once the brain receives the information and processes it, it send a response via efferent sensory neurons. The response gets to effector muscles which can now react to the situation on the external environment. If one or more nerves in either one of the two divisions is damaged, the person’s body would not respond properly to the brain’s demands, putting the person’s life in danger. For this reason, illnesses that put the nervous system at risk of getting damaged need to be taken care of as soon as they are…
Chapter 11 – Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue I. The 3 Overlapping Functions: a. Sensory Input: b. Integration: c. Motor Output: II. Levels of Organization in the Nervous System: a. Central Nervous System (CNS): b. Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): i. Sensory (afferent) Division: ii. Motor (efferent) Division: 1. Somatic Nervous System: 2.…
In the central nervous system, the immune system attacks the myelin that surrounds the nerve fibers in our bodies and the nerve fibers themselves. The damaged myelin forms scar tissue, called sclerosis, which is how the disease got its name. Because these nerve fibers are damaged, the nerve impulses that would regularly travel to and from the brain and spinal cord are distorted or even inhibited all together. This can produce a variety of symptoms such as weakness and fatigue, numbness or tingling, mobility difficulties,…
A first example of this promising new research is that scientists have discovered that ephrin and Eph prevent spinal cord neurons from regenerating after injuries. This means that if scientists can coax the neurons that are injured into rewiring themselves, it would provide a step in the right direction towards the process of repairing these types of injuries. Currently the scientists are experimenting with mice that were modified so the scientists can identify their motor and sensory neurons. The main focus for this experiment is to create a better understanding of how the crosstalk between motor and sensory neurons that would help in the research that is being conducted to see if it is possible to coax neurons into rewiring themselves. This research could promise a solution to injuries that have broken the connection between two sits of cords.…
The human body is a unique and fascinating entity. There is not much notice taken of the features the human body is capable of. The brain is necessary to perform day-to-day actions, such as the ability to speak, and see amongst us. This brain is made up of simple mater (Pia mater, Arachnoid mater, Dura mater) and the cranial surface to protect the brain. We live our daily lives without acknowledging the importance of this organ, the brain, unless you’re a medical student of course! Despite that people go on with their daily activities using the human natural senses. Looking at the world through the eyes, watching for any danger around us; ears for hearing the sounds detecting something that may call for danger, the nose to smell the natural environment, touching and feeling surfaces to become familiar with the surrounding, and to taste the different foods that provide nourishment to stay healthy. All these senses are essential for survival, although what happens if one or more of these senses are taken away? Surviving the everyday world becomes just a little tougher and even impossible in other societies. The cranial nerves in the brain control these senses along with other bodily functions necessary to survive. There are 12 pairs of cranial nerves that emerge from the brain out of various foramina or fissures from the cranium. Each cranial nerve contains sensory or motor fibers or a combination of these fivers to carry impulses from the brain to the various locations allowing the individual to perform normal human functions.…
The midbrain is found between the hindbrain and forebrain and is one of the smallest structures. It controls many important functions such as seeing and hearing as well as eye movement. The midbrain also processes pain, temperature, and touch. Its neurons release dopamine, which is a hormone in your brain that effects your metabolism, heart rate, and blood circulation. A disease that comes from the midbrain because of low dopamine…
Unfortunately it appears that when born or shortly after humans lose the last of the stem cells that are capable of growing into new nerve cells. This is why human cannot repair damage to the brain or spinal cord .it is because embryonic stem cells can grow into so many different tissues, including nerves’ that many scientists and members of the community strongly support further research .scientists working on mice have already shown that a cut spinal cord…