New Economy Transport
NEW ECONOMY TRANSPORT
Principles of Corporate Finance
7th Edition
Richard A. Brealey and Stewart C. Myers
This is an equipment replacement decision. The objective is to minimize the present value of future costs. But there are a few real-life complications.
• Some cash flows are stated in real terms, some in nominal terms. We will use a real discount rate for the real cash flows, a nominal rate for the nominal flows. The alternative is to convert all cash flows to real terms (using a real discount rate) or all to nominal (using a nominal rate).
• The new boat lasts longer (20 years) than the rehabilitated Vital Spark (15 years). Thus we calculate equivalent annual costs. The alternative analysis looks at costs over 15 years for all options, but enters a terminal value at year 16 for the new boat.
• Assumptions about timing of cash flows have to be consistent and reasonable. See below.
• The present values of depreciation tax shields are an offset to required investment. Also, it may be possible to treat repairs as an immediate tax-deductible expense. We have assumed this in the following tables.
Assumptions
These calculations make use of the following assumptions (others could be equally valid):
1. NETCO must make a decision (rehabilitate or purchase) immediately (t = 0).
2. Marginal tax rate is 35%.
© 2002, R. A. Brealey and S. C. Myers 3. Forecasted operating costs are constant in real dollars.
4. Sale price for the Vital Spark and parts is $100,000 in real terms.
5. Investments qualify for the 7-year MACRS class.
6. NETCO’s revenues are unaffected by the investment decision, with the exception of the additional revenue from the new boat.
7. The new boat’s forecasted pre-tax value at t = 16 is $400,000. The pre-tax salvage value of the rehabilitated boat is $40,000.
8. Initial tax shields
Principles of Corporate Finance
7th Edition
Richard A. Brealey and Stewart C. Myers
This is an equipment replacement decision. The objective is to minimize the present value of future costs. But there are a few real-life complications.
• Some cash flows are stated in real terms, some in nominal terms. We will use a real discount rate for the real cash flows, a nominal rate for the nominal flows. The alternative is to convert all cash flows to real terms (using a real discount rate) or all to nominal (using a nominal rate).
• The new boat lasts longer (20 years) than the rehabilitated Vital Spark (15 years). Thus we calculate equivalent annual costs. The alternative analysis looks at costs over 15 years for all options, but enters a terminal value at year 16 for the new boat.
• Assumptions about timing of cash flows have to be consistent and reasonable. See below.
• The present values of depreciation tax shields are an offset to required investment. Also, it may be possible to treat repairs as an immediate tax-deductible expense. We have assumed this in the following tables.
Assumptions
These calculations make use of the following assumptions (others could be equally valid):
1. NETCO must make a decision (rehabilitate or purchase) immediately (t = 0).
2. Marginal tax rate is 35%.
© 2002, R. A. Brealey and S. C. Myers 3. Forecasted operating costs are constant in real dollars.
4. Sale price for the Vital Spark and parts is $100,000 in real terms.
5. Investments qualify for the 7-year MACRS class.
6. NETCO’s revenues are unaffected by the investment decision, with the exception of the additional revenue from the new boat.
7. The new boat’s forecasted pre-tax value at t = 16 is $400,000. The pre-tax salvage value of the rehabilitated boat is $40,000.
8. Initial tax shields