Regulation of hormone levels
When Nicotine is used on a daily basis it stabilizes the Adrenal hormones by acting on the Hypothalamus, which affects the pituitaries release of regulating hormones and increases
For one, when sample size was n=3, there was a marked decrease heart rate for samples treated with nicotine from a basal heart rate of 147.04 bpm to a drug treated heart rate of 66.67 bpm which is contradictory to the literature and contradictory to experimental values when n=12. Nicotine is a known stimulant increasing blood pressure, heart rate, and myocardial contractility by activating the release of catecholamine by binding to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the adrenal medulla and postganglionic sympathetic nervous system [1]. Several possibilities may help explain this aberration. For one, the sample size may simply have been too small to accurately determine the effects of nicotine on heart rate. This possibility is supported by the experimental data of a larger sample size. Other possibilities exist such as experimenter error. For example, it is possible that not enough nicotine solution was added to induce a physiological reaction of the Daphnia specimens. Further, the Daphnia used when n=3 appeared to have a lower heart rate in general when compared to sample size n=12. This could indicate a Daphnia population that wasn’t healthy and, therefore, had a compromised metabolism and did not respond as a healthy Daphnia would. Future experimenters would do well to ensure that a large enough sample size was used and that the Daphnia population was in optimal…
In the chapter, “The Cigarette” Satrapi uses a brilliant job of conducting image analysis within the reader by using extensive use of scale. One of the main ideas of this chapter is to describe how disgusted Satrapi is with the decisions the government is making: “When I think we could have avoided it all… It just makes me sick. A million people would still be alive.” (Satrapi 116) On this full page spread, Satrapi demonstrates her use of scale in multiple ways. First, Satrapi depicts a large amount of troops in the panel to stress to the reader just how many people died. As Satrapi told us in the the speech bubble at the bottom of the panel, it makes her sick that one million people have to die. Satrapi has gotten her idea of this across by showing a large number of people fighting in the panel to draw sympathy from the reader. Secondly, Satrapi makes this such a large panel to stress the importance of this topic to the readers. One million people dead is a big deal. Imagine all of…
Electronic cigarette/e-cigarette is a fairly new product that came out in 2007. E-cigarettes are battery operated pens that use a heating element to create inhaled aerosol from chemical that are extracted out from tobacco such as nicotine and other chemicals added with flavoring (American Lung Association). E-cigarette is still dangerous to other as it contains secondhand emissions. Although many of the e-cigarettes manufactures have made claims that e-cigarettes can help smokers quit but the FDA has not approved it as an effective method to help smokers quit.…
It’s effects often last from minutes to hours, and immediately gives this “ buzz or high ” feeling, a feeling of happiness and pleasure. To keep this pleasurable feeling, people had to continuously take the drug, addiction would be slowly formed , and the addiction of nicotine is one of the hardest to break. Gradually, your body would be affected, increased heart rate, rate of blood flow, and blood pressure are just some of them. After months and years of taking the drug, diseases…
Narahashi, T., Fenster, C. P., Quick, M. W., Lester, R. J., Marszalec, W., Aistrup, G. L., Sattelle, D. B., Martin, B. R., & Levin, E. D. (2000, Oct.). Symposium Overview: Mechanism of Action of Nicotine on Neuronal Acetylcholine Receptors, from Molecule to Behavior. Toxicological Science, 57(2). Retrieved from http://toxsci.oxfordjournals.org.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/content/57/2/193.full.pdf+html…
Withdrawal from nicotine has two parts, which are the physical and the mental. The physical symptoms are annoying but are not life-threatening. Nicotine replacement and other medicines can help reduce many of these physical symptoms. Most smokers find that the biggest challenge is the mental part of quitting. If a smoker has been smoking for any length of time, smoking has become linked with nearly everything he/she does, such as waking up in the morning, eating, reading, watching television, and drinking coffee. This is why, even if a smoker is using a nicotine replacement, he/she may still have strong urges to…
Harms of Smoking and Health Benefits of Quitting - National Cancer Institute. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Tobacco/cessation…
When someone smokes a cigarette, the body responds immediately to the nicotine in the smoke. Nicotine causes a “short-term increase in blood pressure, heart rate, and the flow of blood from the heart.” Although they are short term your body adjusts to the changes so that…
There are many treatments for nicotine addiction including replacement therapy which is Nicotine substitution treatment. This is safe and great in treating nicotine dependence.…
It has an important part in regulating mood and pleasure, both serving as a trigger for the synthesis of adrenaline and noradrenaline and acting as a neurotransmitter. When nicotine goes to the brain, it produces a rush of dopamine into the bloodstream, causing the user to become more relaxed and calm. In this respect, nicotine's chemical action is very similar to such other drugs as cocaine, amphetamines ,and morphine. In effect, each time a smokeless tobacco user puts a pinch of tobacco in his or her mouth or inhales some powder, he or she gets a powerfully reinforcing and rewarding chemical message from the brain that, over a short period of time, will cause physical and emotional dependence on tobacco. However, because the body quickly becomes used to nicotine through a process called "tolerance," users experience a gradual rise in the amount of tobacco they need to get the same physiological…
Nicotine pushes the heart to work faster- 10-20 times more beats per minute. Nicotine also causes the blood vessels to constrict which eventually causes high blood pressure. Additionally, smoking seems to accelerate the process of hardening of the arteries, also known as "Atherosclerosis". Nicotine stays along the artery wall causing it to become thickened and less elastic. As these plaques or thickened secretions develop and hardened, the progress of Atherosclerosis causes even more serious problems in the cardiovascular system, such as heart attack and stroke. Plaques can also break, creating blood clots, which completely block an artery and can be very fatal. Damage to the heart muscles can disrupt the function of the organ. This is confirmed by the research study made by Centers for Disease Control which shows that "in 2002, 696,947 people died of heart disease( 51% of them women). This was 29% of all US death." Moreover, "21.6% of cigarette smokers are high risk for heart disease". (Deaths: Leading Causes for 2002). The bottom line is that smoking is costly, both to the individual smoker and to society as a whole. Studies from CDC clearly indicate regular cigarette smokers are high risk and may eventually die from their…
“The more you chew, the more lip you lose.” -Anonymous. The American Cancer Society (ACS) shares that spit or smokeless tobacco is a less lethal, but still unsafe, alternative to smoking. No form of smokeless tobacco is a safe substitute for cigarettes. Still, tobacco companies often market these products as alternatives to smoking in places where smoking is not allowed (Smokeless). Many uniformed consumers of smokeless tobacco, including my boyfriend seem to believe the media hype and tobacco companies that smokeless tobacco is less harmful than smoking cigarettes. However, research shows that three out of four daily users of snuff and chewing tobacco have pre-cancerous lesions in the mouth. This essay will provide…
With all this information like, oral cancer being caused by smoking and there being more cases of death from smoking that smokeless tobacco. This proves that if you are smoker save your life and change to smokeless tobacco or just stop.…
Smoking can lead to nicotine addiction. It changes your brain and it develops extra nicotine receptors to accommodate the large doses of nicotine from tobacco. When the brain stops getting the nicotine it’s used to, the result is withdrawal. It can cause you to be anxious, irritable, and have strong cravings for nicotine. It also effects your health by weakening your immune system, chronic cough, shortness of breath, taste and smell are also effected.…
Nicotine use is a leading preventable cause of death in the world, directly and indirectly responsible for 440,000 deaths per year. The health problems that result in tobacco use tally an annual of $75 billion in direct medical costs (Slovic 36). That money spent on medical problems for smokers should be used to pay for more important things in our society such as schools, libraries, childcare, etc.…