NIKON’S BACKGROUND
Nikon Company was founded in 1917 and is three of Japan's foremost makers of optical equipment merged together in order to offer a full line of optical products during that time. The company was called Nippon Kogaku (Japan Optics) and began producing optical glass in 1918.
By 1932, Nippon Kogaku had designed its own camera lenses, the Nikkor brand. Nippon Kogaku was listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange in 1939. Nippon Kogaku expanded during the 1920s and 1930s. After World War II, Nippon Kogaku introducing the first camera in 1946 under the Nikon brand name. Nippon Kogaku’s Nikon brand cameras earned special attention for their high quality. Demand increased further when U.S. combat photographers covering the Korean War favored Nikon lenses, and photojournalists began asking Nippon Kogaku to make special lenses to fit their Leica cameras. By the mid-1960s photographers for Life, National Geographic, and Stern--Germany's largest-selling picture magazine--used Nikon 35-millimeter cameras. Nikon had been accepted as the professional standard, and advanced amateurs followed the example, helping Nikon cameras to make inroads into that market. Another reason for Nippon Kogaku’s success in the international market was its ties to the Mitsubishi keiretsu, its transfer agent. After World War II, the United States had broken up the zaibatsu-powerful Japanese business conglomerates such as Mitsubishi but the trading companies, banks and industrial concerns that had composed the zaibatsu continued to corporate. For Nippon Kogaku, its ties to Mitsubishi meant ready credit and exporting advantages. Nippon Kogaku also promoted its photographic equipment through what it called "photography culture," sponsoring photo contests and photo exhibits as well as establishing clubs that gave advice to amateur photographers.
In 1959, Nippon Kogaku brought the Nikon F SLR to market and improved it when other Japanese companies offered competing