Nitration Of Toluene Lab Report
Loreta Grazhees
TA: Titas
Friday 11:50 - 3:55
February 9, 2018
Nitration Of Toluene
When reacting Toluene with (NO2+) the end goal is to generate an ortho-, para-, and/or meta-nitrotoluene. This lab will help guide you in the direction to predict the regioselectivity and activation vs. deactivating powers of the nitro-group. Gas Chromatography will be used to analyze compounds that can be vaporized without being decomposed. GC is also used to check the purity of a substance, and separating the different components within a mixture.
Figure 4: The Nitration of Toluene.
(The reactions that we are going to use are, react toluene with NO2+ see determine which regioisomer is formed in the highest yield.
(Group 4 section 009) - Loreta & Kourtnee …show more content…
After calculating the percentages for the section 009 hood 04 the values were as so, (Ortho 32.30%, Meta 33.46%, Para 16.59%, disubstituted was 10.82%, and % unreacted of Toluene was 30.45%) There was only about 30.45% of unreacted toluene which means that the product was somewhat pure and the reaction was very thorough and fully completed without fail.
The major product that would be favored would be a meta substitution because there is a higher percentage of Meta in our final product. Meta directors are also deactivators, with no exceptions. (See figure …show more content…
There are three possible options, mono-, di-, and tri- substitution. Meta directors don’t have that unshared electron pair that is used to push an atom closer to the benzene ring. In our reaction above the substitution would be more di-substitution favored. The positive charges are further away from each other in the benzene ring. Most if not all meta directors have a group with-full positive charges next to the benzene ring. If perhaps you were to be given different results maybe their would be an increase in temperature that would result to a different substitution of products that would alter the product formation. If you would raise the temperature to high there might also be less toluene present in the reaction because the aromatic ring would react and give up it’s electrons. Our results are consistent because as stated above the calculations and the graph make sense with the conclusions we made an observed. If not we may have gone wrong from not drying enough or doing our calculations
TA: Titas
Friday 11:50 - 3:55
February 9, 2018
Nitration Of Toluene
When reacting Toluene with (NO2+) the end goal is to generate an ortho-, para-, and/or meta-nitrotoluene. This lab will help guide you in the direction to predict the regioselectivity and activation vs. deactivating powers of the nitro-group. Gas Chromatography will be used to analyze compounds that can be vaporized without being decomposed. GC is also used to check the purity of a substance, and separating the different components within a mixture.
Figure 4: The Nitration of Toluene.
(The reactions that we are going to use are, react toluene with NO2+ see determine which regioisomer is formed in the highest yield.
(Group 4 section 009) - Loreta & Kourtnee …show more content…
After calculating the percentages for the section 009 hood 04 the values were as so, (Ortho 32.30%, Meta 33.46%, Para 16.59%, disubstituted was 10.82%, and % unreacted of Toluene was 30.45%) There was only about 30.45% of unreacted toluene which means that the product was somewhat pure and the reaction was very thorough and fully completed without fail.
The major product that would be favored would be a meta substitution because there is a higher percentage of Meta in our final product. Meta directors are also deactivators, with no exceptions. (See figure …show more content…
There are three possible options, mono-, di-, and tri- substitution. Meta directors don’t have that unshared electron pair that is used to push an atom closer to the benzene ring. In our reaction above the substitution would be more di-substitution favored. The positive charges are further away from each other in the benzene ring. Most if not all meta directors have a group with-full positive charges next to the benzene ring. If perhaps you were to be given different results maybe their would be an increase in temperature that would result to a different substitution of products that would alter the product formation. If you would raise the temperature to high there might also be less toluene present in the reaction because the aromatic ring would react and give up it’s electrons. Our results are consistent because as stated above the calculations and the graph make sense with the conclusions we made an observed. If not we may have gone wrong from not drying enough or doing our calculations