I. History of Nokia The Nokia story begins in 1865, when Fredrik Idestam, a mining engineer, establishes a paper mill at the Tammerkoski Rapids in south-western Finland, a few years later, he built a second mill by the Nokianvirta river the place that gave Nokia its name. In those days there was a strong demand for paper in the whole industry, the company's sales achieved its high-stakes and Nokia grew faster and faster. Nokia exported paper to Russia first and then to almost whole Europe. A few years later, Finnish Rubber Works, a manufacturer of Rubber goods like tyres, industrial parts and footwear, impressed with the hydro-electricity produced by the Nokia wood-pulp (from river Emäkoski), merged up and started selling goods under the brand name of Nokia. Unfortunately there was a recession during World War II, but after World War II, Nokia acquired the majority part of the Finnish Cable Works shares. The Finnish Cable Works had grown quickly due to the increasing demand for power transmission and telegraph and telephone networks in the World War II. Gradually the ownership of the Rubber Works and the Cable Works companies consolidated.
(Haikioe, M. 2002) and ("The History of Nokia 1865-2002," 2003) In 1967, all the 3 companies merged-up to form
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