A specific Title IX violation can occur in various instances; however, the issue with CSU concerned whether or not there was a violation in equal opportunity. To disprove the accusations, CSU would need to determine “Whether the selection of sports and levels of competition effectively accommodate the interest and abilities of both sexes.” The Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, in 1979, released a simplified and thorough interpretation of ways in which the Title IX sub-clauses could be accommodated ("TitleIX.info - History Overview,"…
Conclusions of the judge/judges: Because Title IX only addresses public and private schools that receive federal funding, several states have enacted similar laws to prohibit discrimination based on sex regardless of whether the school receives federal funding. As of 2008, about a third of the states have done so, including Alaska, California, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Iowa, Maine, Minnesota, Nebraska,…
In 1974, Senator Tower proposed the “Tower Amendment”, which proposed that sports that received donations or produced gross revenue from Title IX compliances determinations should be exempted. This Amendment was denied in May 20 and in July of that same year Senator Jacob Javits submitted a new amendment making (HEW) issue regulations that provide for "reasonable provisions considering the nature of particular sports.” With that being said, the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) was given the task of implementing Title IX. Approximately three years after Title IX was passed, regulations were passed and became effective (Thornton, 2011, p. 509).…
On December 11th, 1990, Christine Franklin filed a lawsuit against the Gwinnett County Public School system. During her sophomore year in high school at Gwinnett High School, she was continually harassed sexually by her economics teacher Andrew Hill. Mr. Hill would kiss her, feel on her, and constantly try to engage in inappropriate sexual conversations with Franklin. Franklin first went to staff at the school. Nothing was done. Franklin told the administration on the Board of Education and they begged for no charges to be pressed on the school because they didn’t want a bad reputation or for the incident to publicize. Instead, Mr. Hill offered to resign from teaching if no charges were pressed, so the school looked past the whole thing.…
An interview with Jess Davidson, the Managing Director of an organization called End Rape on Campus, notes that “when she was a college student going through the Title IX process, she was able to access the Dear Colleague letter online and hold her university accountable” (huffpost.com). She goes on to note that with this rescinded, it would be incredibly more difficult for students dealing with universities not following the procedures outlined in Title IX. There would be no way to say that they deserve a fairer process under the law. Additionally, the people against the removal of this letter argue that survivors, however, would not be the only one that would struggle with the rescinding of this letter. According to Davidson and Brodsky, Title IX administrators that are conducting the investigations on college campuses will struggle with effectively doing their jobs without the clarifications outlined in the letter. Twenty State Attorney Generals published a letter to DeVos outlining that it is imperative that she maintains the sexual assault reporting…
(2) Another thing that should also be remembered about Title IX should be it also had some negative effects for majority of school districts. Due to Title IX trying to create a balanced financial status towards men and womens athletics this cut the budget for the men’s athletics. This resulted in schools having to lose their absolute best programs and would actually lose money due to the lack of income from the most profitable program. Some schools would cut the men’s athletics budget in half, even more, and then develop weaker programs for their schools creating lack of interest. Schools would lose fans for their events because they would be constantly losing in these events they lost money for. (3) During the period before Title IX women usually were only able to be in classes that were going towards what the school believed there profession would be. Examples of this would be classes that would help them be a household wife. In neatoday.org, it states “Before Title IX, many schools only allowed women to train for careers they found suitable for women – namely, housekeeping. Now, school administrators can’t legally dictate which students can take which classes based on gender.” (neatoday.org, 2016) Also before Title IX the school districts had the right to suspend…
This ideal provides all Americans with the comfort that they will not be thrown in prison for a crime they did not commit. Essentially, to rule any conviction, the court must prove the suspect guilty beyond any reasonable doubt. This should also help to protect every individual from consequences based on false allegations. However, this principle is only extensively practiced in our judicial system. On college campuses across the U.S. sexual assault runs rampant. Due to this unfortunate truth, a clause was written into Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 that sets the standard of proof for such cases to be “preponderance of evidence”, rather than “beyond a reasonable doubt”. If “preponderance of evidence” is not a high enough standard for our judicial system, then it should not be an acceptable standard for cases of criminal nature within our schools; Furthermore, it leaves open countless possibilities for defamation of innocent parties and internal system…
"No person in the United States shall, on the basis of gender, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.” This statement is the well known Title IX of the Educational Amendments of 1972, or more recently known as, the Patsy T. Mink Equal Opportunity in Education Act (October 29, 2002) (Title IX). This regulation basically asserts that no matter what sex you may be, male or female, can not interfere with ones participation in any activity offered by a school, with particular emphasis on athletic activities. Even at this present junction, schools are disobedient to this warrented law.…
The purpose of Title IX was to create equal opportunities for both male and female students. The amendment really affected mostly women. They were poorly represented in college athletics over the last 30 years. The Title IX legislation has been a very controversial subject. Many people are opposed to the idea that women program should be equal to males athletic programs. I truly believe that the program is bias and totally unfair. During this paper I will discuss the history of Title IX, the advantages and disadvantages of Title XI, the effects of college and high school programs and the profit obtained from the use of Title IX funds.…
This tells us that the school board was racist and allowed the harassment to take place to give them an opportunity to expel or suspend the black students which means that much progress hadn’t taken place in integrating schools as the school board was racist. The evidence to support this is Source B says “The school board used the incident to suspend Minnie (but not the ones who harassed her), and then finally to expel…
Wow… I’m at Yellowstone National Park, which was the first national park that was established on March 1, 1872, by the Yellowstone National Park Protection Act. I can see why Congress thought to establish this park since they hired a professional artist to go and see where they were “helping to save Yellowstone from private development.” As they say in the official National Park Service website, "Jackson's photographs, Moran's paintings, and Elliot's sketches-had caught the imagination of Congress," but their reports weren't the only ones. There were other artists and explorers who followed in their steps to persuade Congress to pass the bill, and with all of their work, President Ulysses S. Grant signed it, putting the Park Protection Act into business.…
In Kate Fagan and Luke Cyphers article, Five Myths about Title IX, we are revealed the falsehoods that have been thought about Title IX. The first myth that is identified is that Title IX is controversial. The only place where this happens to be the case is the sports world. In the general public is happens to have a favorably view. Myth number two is thought to be that Title IX forces schools to cut men’s sports. People believe when non-revenue…
“The snow leopard is listed on the World Conservation Union's Red List of Threatened Species as "Endangered," the same classification given the panda and the tiger.An estimated 3,500 to 7,000 wild snow leopards roam the mountains of central Asia today. In addition, there are between 600 and 700 snow leopards in zoos around the world. No one has an exact count because snow leopards are so elusive and inhabit such harsh and remote habitat that they are rarely seen.”…
Sports are a commanding force today. People of all ages, sexes, and races watch and take part in different sports in increasing numbers daily. Equal opportunity to participate in sports seems like a right that is very common sense issue, but unfortunately this has not always been the case (Porto). Congress passed the Education Amendments of 1972 in April of that year; this amendment contains Title IX which was intended to ensure that there was no inequalities based on what sex you are (Epstein). The area that this has had the most notorious impact is sports. Title IX has amplified opportunities for women to participate in college sports programs with a minimal impact on men 's sports programs.…
Looking at another university that this law may affect unsympathetically is Penn State University. As per a news article posted on July 23rd, 2012, by the National Council of Women’s Organization (http://www.womensorganizations.org/?p=232&option=com_wordpress&Itemid=114), Penn State is in jeopardy of losing its financial aid if found guilty of violating the clery Act by covering up the allegations of sexual harassment. Penn State has already been hit with fines in access of $60 million. If the Department of Education revokes financial aid from Penn State, who knows what’s on the horizon for the…