Nt1310 Unit 9 Lab Report
The difference between speed and velocity is that
Velocity also includes a direction
the acceleration of gravity on earth is approximately 10m/s2 if you drops rock from a tall building, about how fast will it be falling after 3 seconds?
30m/s
Momentum is defined as
Mass time's velocity
suppose you live on the moon. Which of the following would be true?
Your weight would be less than your weight on Earth, but your mass would be the same as it is on Earth.
In which of the following would you feel weightless?
While falling from a roof
which of the following statements is not one of Newton's laws of motion?
What goes up most come down
what do we mean by the orbital energy of an orbiting object
Orbital energy is the sum …show more content…
of the object's kinetic energy and its gravitational potential. Energy as it moves through its orbit
What must be true in order for a rockets to travel from Earth to another planet
It must attain escape velocity from earth
Approximately where is it currently high tide on Earth
On the portion of Earth directly toward the moon and the portion of earth facing directly away from the Moon
Suppose you have a 100 watt light bulb that you have turned on for one minute. How much energy did you use?
6,000 Joules
which of the following statements is true of green grass?
It absorbs red light and reflects green light
Suppose you are listening to a radio station that broadcast at a frequency of 97 MHz which of the following statements is true
The radio waves from the radio station are causing electrons in your radio to move up and down 97 million times each second
Gamma rays have a very small
Wavelength
Suppose a photon has a frequency of 300 million hertz. What is its wavelength?
1 meter
which of the following best describes why we say light is an electromagnetic wave?
The passage of light waves can cause electricity charged particles to move up and down
which of the following statements about x rays and radio waves is not true?
X rays travel through space faster than radio waves
consider an atom in which the nucleus contains 8 protons and 8 neutrons. If it is doubled what is the charge of the oxygen ion and how many electrons remain in the ion?
Charge = + 2 number of remaking electrons = 6
which of the following statement about electrons is not true?
Electrons orbit the nucleus rather like planets orbiting the Sun.
which of the following conditions lead you to see absorption line spectrum from a cloud of gas in interstellar space?
The cloud is cool and lies between you and a hot star
a hot thin (low-density, nearly transparent) gas would not produce a close approximation to a thermal radiation spectrum.
The following statement about thermal radiation is always true a hot object emits more radiation per unit surface area than a cool object
Sun's corona is true, which one explains why it is a source of x rays?
The temperature of the corona's gas is some 1-2 million Kelvin
Laboratory measurements show hydrogen produces a spectral line at a wavelength of 486(nm). Particular stars spectrum shows the same hydrogen line at a wavelength at 486nm what can we conclude?
The star is moving towards use
Suppose that Star X and Star Y both have red shifts, but star X has a larger red shift than star Y
What can you conclude
Star X is moving away from us faster than Star Y
What is the difference between energy and power
Power is the rate at which energy is used, so it's units are a unit of energy divided by a unit of time.
Visible light from a distant star can be spread into a spectrum by using a glass prism or
A diffraction grating
You notice that a leaf does two full up and down bobs each second which statement is true of the ripples on the pond
They have a frequency of 2 hertz
From shortest to longest wavelength, which on the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic
Gamma rays, X rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, radio
If we say that a material is opaque to ultraviolet light we mean that it Absorbs ultraviolet light
Consider an atom of carbon in which the nucleus contains 6 protons and 7 neutrons. What is its atomic number and atomic mass number Atomic number = 13 atomic mass number = 6
An atom which has 4 protons and 6 neutrons will be electrically neutral if it contains 4 electrons
Sublimation is the process in which molecules go directly from the solid phase to the gas phase
Thermal radiation is defined as Radiation with a spectrum whose shape depends only on the temperature of the emitting object
According to the laws of thermal radiation, hotter objects emit photons with A shorter wavelength
The spectra of most galaxies show red shifts. This means that their spectral lines have wavelengths that are longer than normal
which of the following is not a major pattern of motion in the solar system nearly all comets orbit the Sun in the same direction and roughly the same plane.
Which of the following is not a major difference between the terrestrial and Jovian planets in our solar system Terrestrial planets contain large quantities of ice and jovian planets do not
Venus has a higher average surface temperature than Mercury. Why? Because its surface is heated by an extreme greenhouse effect
In what way is Venus most similar to Earth? Both planets are nearly the same size.
Which planet has the most extreme seasons Uranus
In what way is Pluto like a comet than a planet It is made mostly of rock and ice
Why was it advantageous for the Voyager mission to consist of flybys rather than orbiters? Each individual spacecraft was able to visit more than one planet
Which of the following statements about asteroids belt is not true The combined mass of all the asteroids is roughly the same as the mass on the Earth.
The Kuiper belt a region of the solar system beginning just beyond the orbit of Neptune that contains many icy comets.
Oort cloud is not really a cloud at all, but rather refers to trillion or so comets thought to orbit the Sun at great distance.
The Sun's diameter is about 5 times that of Earth
All the Jovian have rings
Galilean Moons the four largest moons of Jupiter, Lo, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto
the following best explains why we can rule out the idea that planets are usually formed by near-collisions between stars. Stellar near-collisions are far too rare to explain all the planets now known to orbit nearby stars.
Hydrogen and helium are the most common elements throughout the universe, because they were the only elements present when the universe was young
According to our theory of solar system formation which law best explains why the central regions of the solar nebula got hotter as the nebula shrank in size The law conservation of energy
How do these meteorites support our theory about the terrestrial planets formed? The meteorites appearance and composition is just what we expect if metal and rocks condensed and accreted as our theory suggest
Solar wind not true-it is even stronger today than it was even the sun was young
How did Earth end up with enough water to make oceans The water was brought to the forming Earth by planetesimals that accreted beyond the orbit of Mars
Some moons have orbits that are backwards or highly inclined to their planets equator.
terrestrial planets denser than Jovian planets only dense material could condense in the inner solar nebula
Explanation for lack of asteroids between Mercury and Mars there were very few planetary leftovers in this region because most of the solid materials was accreted by the terrestrial as the planet's formed
Nebular theory holds that our solar system formed from the collapse of an interstellar cloud of gas and dust
Solar nebula chemical composition 98% hydrogen and helium, 2% everything else
The acceleration of gravity on Earth is approximately 10 m/s2 (more precisely, 9.8 m/s2). If you drop a rock from a tall building, about how fast will it be falling after 3 seconds? : 30 m/s2
Suppose you lived on the Moon. Which of the following would be true?
Correct: Your weight would be less than your weight on Earth, but your mass would be the same as it is on Earth.
Which of the following represents a case in which you are not accelerating? Driving in a straight line
Suppose you drop a 10 pound weight and a 5 pound weight on the moon both from the same height at the same time . What will happen? Both would hit the ground at the same time
Why are astronauts weightless in space? The space station is constantly in free-fall around the Earth
A net force acting on an object will always cause change in the object's Momentum
Suppose you are in an elevator that is traveling upward at a constant speed. How does your weight compare to your normal weight on the ground? It is the same
The planet never travels in a straight line as they orbit the sun. According to Newton's second law of motion this means that? A force is acting on the planets
Suppose the sun were suddenly to shrink in size but the mass remained the same. According to the law of conservation of angular momentum what would happen? The sun would rotate faster than it does now.
Suppose you kick a soccer ball straight up to a height of 10 meters. Which of the following is true about the gravitational potential energy of the ball during its flight? The ball's gravitational potential energy is greatest at the instant when the ball is at its highest point
Suppose you heat an oven to 400 f and boil a pot of water. Which of the following explains why you would be burned by sticking your hand briefly in the pot but not sticking your hand briefly in the oven? The water can transfer heat to your arm more quickly than the air
Which of the following scenarios involves energy that would typically calculate with Einstein's formula e = mc2. A small amount of the hydrogen in a nebular bomb becomes energy as fusions converts the hydrogen to helium
A rock held above the ground has potential energy. As the rock falls, this potential energy is converted to kinetic energy. Finally, the rock hits the ground and stays there what happened to the energy? The energy goes to producing sound and to heating the ground, and surrounding air.
Suppose that the sun shrank in size but the mass remained the same. What would happen to the orbit of the Earth? Earths orbit would be unaffected
Imagine another solar system with a star the same size as the sun. Suppose a planet with a mass twice that of Earth orbits at a distance of 1 au from the star. What is the orbital period of this planet? One Year
Imagine another solar system, with a star more massive than the Sun. Suppose a planet with the same mass as Earth orbits at a distance of 1au from the star. How would the planet's year(orbital period) compare to Earth's years? The planet's year would be shorter than Earth's
Newton showed that Kepler's law are? Natural consequence of the law of universal graviton
Each of the following list two facts. Which pair of facts can be used with Newton's version of Kepler's third law to determine the mass of the sun? Earth is 150 million km from the Sun and orbits the Sun In one year
When space probe Voyager 2 passed by Saturn, it's speed increased ( but not due to firing it's engine).
What must have happened? Saturn must have lost a tiny bit of its orbital energy.
Suppose that a lone asteroid happens to be passing Jupiter on a unbound orbit ( well above Jupiter's atmosphere and far from all of Jupiter moons.) Which of the following statements would be true? The asteroid orbit around Jupiter would not change, and it would go out on the same unbound orbit that it came in on.
Which of the following best describes the origin of the ocean tides on Earth? Tides are caused but the difference in the force of gravity excreted by the Moon across the sphere of the earth
At which lunar phase(s) are tides most pronounced (for example, the highest high tides)? Both new and full
Which of the following best explains why the Moon's orbital period and rotation period are the same? The Moon once rotated faster, but tidal friction slowed the rotation period until it matched the orbital period
Suppose the Moon's orbit were unchanged, but it rotated faster ( meaning it did not have synchronous rotation). Which of the following would be true? We would no longer always see nearly the same face of the
Moon.
Velocity also includes a direction
the acceleration of gravity on earth is approximately 10m/s2 if you drops rock from a tall building, about how fast will it be falling after 3 seconds?
30m/s
Momentum is defined as
Mass time's velocity
suppose you live on the moon. Which of the following would be true?
Your weight would be less than your weight on Earth, but your mass would be the same as it is on Earth.
In which of the following would you feel weightless?
While falling from a roof
which of the following statements is not one of Newton's laws of motion?
What goes up most come down
what do we mean by the orbital energy of an orbiting object
Orbital energy is the sum …show more content…
of the object's kinetic energy and its gravitational potential. Energy as it moves through its orbit
What must be true in order for a rockets to travel from Earth to another planet
It must attain escape velocity from earth
Approximately where is it currently high tide on Earth
On the portion of Earth directly toward the moon and the portion of earth facing directly away from the Moon
Suppose you have a 100 watt light bulb that you have turned on for one minute. How much energy did you use?
6,000 Joules
which of the following statements is true of green grass?
It absorbs red light and reflects green light
Suppose you are listening to a radio station that broadcast at a frequency of 97 MHz which of the following statements is true
The radio waves from the radio station are causing electrons in your radio to move up and down 97 million times each second
Gamma rays have a very small
Wavelength
Suppose a photon has a frequency of 300 million hertz. What is its wavelength?
1 meter
which of the following best describes why we say light is an electromagnetic wave?
The passage of light waves can cause electricity charged particles to move up and down
which of the following statements about x rays and radio waves is not true?
X rays travel through space faster than radio waves
consider an atom in which the nucleus contains 8 protons and 8 neutrons. If it is doubled what is the charge of the oxygen ion and how many electrons remain in the ion?
Charge = + 2 number of remaking electrons = 6
which of the following statement about electrons is not true?
Electrons orbit the nucleus rather like planets orbiting the Sun.
which of the following conditions lead you to see absorption line spectrum from a cloud of gas in interstellar space?
The cloud is cool and lies between you and a hot star
a hot thin (low-density, nearly transparent) gas would not produce a close approximation to a thermal radiation spectrum.
The following statement about thermal radiation is always true a hot object emits more radiation per unit surface area than a cool object
Sun's corona is true, which one explains why it is a source of x rays?
The temperature of the corona's gas is some 1-2 million Kelvin
Laboratory measurements show hydrogen produces a spectral line at a wavelength of 486(nm). Particular stars spectrum shows the same hydrogen line at a wavelength at 486nm what can we conclude?
The star is moving towards use
Suppose that Star X and Star Y both have red shifts, but star X has a larger red shift than star Y
What can you conclude
Star X is moving away from us faster than Star Y
What is the difference between energy and power
Power is the rate at which energy is used, so it's units are a unit of energy divided by a unit of time.
Visible light from a distant star can be spread into a spectrum by using a glass prism or
A diffraction grating
You notice that a leaf does two full up and down bobs each second which statement is true of the ripples on the pond
They have a frequency of 2 hertz
From shortest to longest wavelength, which on the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic
Gamma rays, X rays, ultraviolet, visible light, infrared, radio
If we say that a material is opaque to ultraviolet light we mean that it Absorbs ultraviolet light
Consider an atom of carbon in which the nucleus contains 6 protons and 7 neutrons. What is its atomic number and atomic mass number Atomic number = 13 atomic mass number = 6
An atom which has 4 protons and 6 neutrons will be electrically neutral if it contains 4 electrons
Sublimation is the process in which molecules go directly from the solid phase to the gas phase
Thermal radiation is defined as Radiation with a spectrum whose shape depends only on the temperature of the emitting object
According to the laws of thermal radiation, hotter objects emit photons with A shorter wavelength
The spectra of most galaxies show red shifts. This means that their spectral lines have wavelengths that are longer than normal
which of the following is not a major pattern of motion in the solar system nearly all comets orbit the Sun in the same direction and roughly the same plane.
Which of the following is not a major difference between the terrestrial and Jovian planets in our solar system Terrestrial planets contain large quantities of ice and jovian planets do not
Venus has a higher average surface temperature than Mercury. Why? Because its surface is heated by an extreme greenhouse effect
In what way is Venus most similar to Earth? Both planets are nearly the same size.
Which planet has the most extreme seasons Uranus
In what way is Pluto like a comet than a planet It is made mostly of rock and ice
Why was it advantageous for the Voyager mission to consist of flybys rather than orbiters? Each individual spacecraft was able to visit more than one planet
Which of the following statements about asteroids belt is not true The combined mass of all the asteroids is roughly the same as the mass on the Earth.
The Kuiper belt a region of the solar system beginning just beyond the orbit of Neptune that contains many icy comets.
Oort cloud is not really a cloud at all, but rather refers to trillion or so comets thought to orbit the Sun at great distance.
The Sun's diameter is about 5 times that of Earth
All the Jovian have rings
Galilean Moons the four largest moons of Jupiter, Lo, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto
the following best explains why we can rule out the idea that planets are usually formed by near-collisions between stars. Stellar near-collisions are far too rare to explain all the planets now known to orbit nearby stars.
Hydrogen and helium are the most common elements throughout the universe, because they were the only elements present when the universe was young
According to our theory of solar system formation which law best explains why the central regions of the solar nebula got hotter as the nebula shrank in size The law conservation of energy
How do these meteorites support our theory about the terrestrial planets formed? The meteorites appearance and composition is just what we expect if metal and rocks condensed and accreted as our theory suggest
Solar wind not true-it is even stronger today than it was even the sun was young
How did Earth end up with enough water to make oceans The water was brought to the forming Earth by planetesimals that accreted beyond the orbit of Mars
Some moons have orbits that are backwards or highly inclined to their planets equator.
terrestrial planets denser than Jovian planets only dense material could condense in the inner solar nebula
Explanation for lack of asteroids between Mercury and Mars there were very few planetary leftovers in this region because most of the solid materials was accreted by the terrestrial as the planet's formed
Nebular theory holds that our solar system formed from the collapse of an interstellar cloud of gas and dust
Solar nebula chemical composition 98% hydrogen and helium, 2% everything else
The acceleration of gravity on Earth is approximately 10 m/s2 (more precisely, 9.8 m/s2). If you drop a rock from a tall building, about how fast will it be falling after 3 seconds? : 30 m/s2
Suppose you lived on the Moon. Which of the following would be true?
Correct: Your weight would be less than your weight on Earth, but your mass would be the same as it is on Earth.
Which of the following represents a case in which you are not accelerating? Driving in a straight line
Suppose you drop a 10 pound weight and a 5 pound weight on the moon both from the same height at the same time . What will happen? Both would hit the ground at the same time
Why are astronauts weightless in space? The space station is constantly in free-fall around the Earth
A net force acting on an object will always cause change in the object's Momentum
Suppose you are in an elevator that is traveling upward at a constant speed. How does your weight compare to your normal weight on the ground? It is the same
The planet never travels in a straight line as they orbit the sun. According to Newton's second law of motion this means that? A force is acting on the planets
Suppose the sun were suddenly to shrink in size but the mass remained the same. According to the law of conservation of angular momentum what would happen? The sun would rotate faster than it does now.
Suppose you kick a soccer ball straight up to a height of 10 meters. Which of the following is true about the gravitational potential energy of the ball during its flight? The ball's gravitational potential energy is greatest at the instant when the ball is at its highest point
Suppose you heat an oven to 400 f and boil a pot of water. Which of the following explains why you would be burned by sticking your hand briefly in the pot but not sticking your hand briefly in the oven? The water can transfer heat to your arm more quickly than the air
Which of the following scenarios involves energy that would typically calculate with Einstein's formula e = mc2. A small amount of the hydrogen in a nebular bomb becomes energy as fusions converts the hydrogen to helium
A rock held above the ground has potential energy. As the rock falls, this potential energy is converted to kinetic energy. Finally, the rock hits the ground and stays there what happened to the energy? The energy goes to producing sound and to heating the ground, and surrounding air.
Suppose that the sun shrank in size but the mass remained the same. What would happen to the orbit of the Earth? Earths orbit would be unaffected
Imagine another solar system with a star the same size as the sun. Suppose a planet with a mass twice that of Earth orbits at a distance of 1 au from the star. What is the orbital period of this planet? One Year
Imagine another solar system, with a star more massive than the Sun. Suppose a planet with the same mass as Earth orbits at a distance of 1au from the star. How would the planet's year(orbital period) compare to Earth's years? The planet's year would be shorter than Earth's
Newton showed that Kepler's law are? Natural consequence of the law of universal graviton
Each of the following list two facts. Which pair of facts can be used with Newton's version of Kepler's third law to determine the mass of the sun? Earth is 150 million km from the Sun and orbits the Sun In one year
When space probe Voyager 2 passed by Saturn, it's speed increased ( but not due to firing it's engine).
What must have happened? Saturn must have lost a tiny bit of its orbital energy.
Suppose that a lone asteroid happens to be passing Jupiter on a unbound orbit ( well above Jupiter's atmosphere and far from all of Jupiter moons.) Which of the following statements would be true? The asteroid orbit around Jupiter would not change, and it would go out on the same unbound orbit that it came in on.
Which of the following best describes the origin of the ocean tides on Earth? Tides are caused but the difference in the force of gravity excreted by the Moon across the sphere of the earth
At which lunar phase(s) are tides most pronounced (for example, the highest high tides)? Both new and full
Which of the following best explains why the Moon's orbital period and rotation period are the same? The Moon once rotated faster, but tidal friction slowed the rotation period until it matched the orbital period
Suppose the Moon's orbit were unchanged, but it rotated faster ( meaning it did not have synchronous rotation). Which of the following would be true? We would no longer always see nearly the same face of the
Moon.