Nu 545 Exam 1 Study Guids
|Unit 1:The Cell/Genes & Gene-Environmental Interaction/Mechanisms of |This unit will cover Chapters 1-3 & Chapters 6-10 in your McCance & Huether |
|Self-Defense |text. |
|Study Guide Unit 1 | NU 545 |
Chapter 1 – Summary review p 42-43
1. What is metabolic absorption? (p.2, bottom left) All cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from the surroundings. Cells of the intestine and the kidney are specialized to carry out absorption. Cells of the kidney tubules reabsorb fluids and synthesize proteins. Intestinal epithelial cells reabsorb fluids and synthesize protein enzymes.
2. What uses oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms in an oxidative reaction? (p.7, mid left) Peroxisomes (microbodies) are similar to lysosomes, but larger and oval/irregular in shape. They contain several oxidative enzyme such as catalase and urate oxidase. Like mitachondria, peroxisomes are major sites of oxygen utilization. Peroxisomes are so named because that usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
3. During cell injury what is released that is capable of cellular autodigestion? (p. 6, bottom left) As cells complete their life span and die, lysosomes digest the resultant cellular debris. Lysosomes involved in this process, which is called autodigestion, are called autolysosomes or austophagosomes.
4. Where is the genetic info contained in the cell? (p. 2, bottom right) The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins (the histones) that regulate its activity.
5. Cell
|Self-Defense |text. |
|Study Guide Unit 1 | NU 545 |
Chapter 1 – Summary review p 42-43
1. What is metabolic absorption? (p.2, bottom left) All cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from the surroundings. Cells of the intestine and the kidney are specialized to carry out absorption. Cells of the kidney tubules reabsorb fluids and synthesize proteins. Intestinal epithelial cells reabsorb fluids and synthesize protein enzymes.
2. What uses oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms in an oxidative reaction? (p.7, mid left) Peroxisomes (microbodies) are similar to lysosomes, but larger and oval/irregular in shape. They contain several oxidative enzyme such as catalase and urate oxidase. Like mitachondria, peroxisomes are major sites of oxygen utilization. Peroxisomes are so named because that usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
3. During cell injury what is released that is capable of cellular autodigestion? (p. 6, bottom left) As cells complete their life span and die, lysosomes digest the resultant cellular debris. Lysosomes involved in this process, which is called autodigestion, are called autolysosomes or austophagosomes.
4. Where is the genetic info contained in the cell? (p. 2, bottom right) The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of RNA, most of the cellular DNA, and the DNA-binding proteins (the histones) that regulate its activity.
5. Cell