Nu-545 Unit 1
1. What is metabolic absorption?
“All the cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surroundings. Cells of the intestine and the kidney are specialized to carry out absorption. Cells of the kidney tubules reabsorb fluids and synthesize proteins. Intestinal epithelial cells reabsorb fluids and synthesize protein enzymes” (McCance & Huether, pg. 2).
2. What uses oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms in an oxidative reaction?
“Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (McCance & Huether, pg. 7).
3. During cell injury what is released that is capable of cellular auto digestion?
“Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-digestion” (McCance & Huether, pg. 5).
4. Where is the genetic info contained in the cell?
“The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of the RNS; most of the cellular DNA; and the DNA-binding proteins, the histones, that regulate its activity” (McCance & Huether, pg. 2).
5. Cell membranes contain which major chemical components?
“The major chemical components of all membranes are lipids and proteins, but the percentage of each varies among different membranes” (McCance & Huether, pg. 11).
6. What allows potassium to diffuse in and out of cells?
“(3) Specific enzymes that drive active pumps that promote concentration of certain ions, particularly potassium (K+), within the cell while keeping concentrations of other ions, for example sodium (Na+), below concentrations found in the extracellular environment…” (McCance &Huether, pg. 12).
7. How is the cell protected from injury?
“Table 1-1 Plasma membrane functions: Protection, barrier to toxic molecules and macromolecules [proteins,
“All the cells take in and use nutrients and other substances from their surroundings. Cells of the intestine and the kidney are specialized to carry out absorption. Cells of the kidney tubules reabsorb fluids and synthesize proteins. Intestinal epithelial cells reabsorb fluids and synthesize protein enzymes” (McCance & Huether, pg. 2).
2. What uses oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms in an oxidative reaction?
“Peroxisomes are so named because they usually contain enzymes that use oxygen to remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction that produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) (McCance & Huether, pg. 7).
3. During cell injury what is released that is capable of cellular auto digestion?
“Disruption of the membrane by various treatments or cellular injury leads to a release of the lysosomal enzymes, which can then react with their specific substrates, causing cellular self-digestion” (McCance & Huether, pg. 5).
4. Where is the genetic info contained in the cell?
“The nucleus contains the nucleolus, a small dense structure composed largely of the RNS; most of the cellular DNA; and the DNA-binding proteins, the histones, that regulate its activity” (McCance & Huether, pg. 2).
5. Cell membranes contain which major chemical components?
“The major chemical components of all membranes are lipids and proteins, but the percentage of each varies among different membranes” (McCance & Huether, pg. 11).
6. What allows potassium to diffuse in and out of cells?
“(3) Specific enzymes that drive active pumps that promote concentration of certain ions, particularly potassium (K+), within the cell while keeping concentrations of other ions, for example sodium (Na+), below concentrations found in the extracellular environment…” (McCance &Huether, pg. 12).
7. How is the cell protected from injury?
“Table 1-1 Plasma membrane functions: Protection, barrier to toxic molecules and macromolecules [proteins,