In nursing there are some Fundamental patterns of knowing that help nurses in making informed decisions when in practice (Estabrooks 2005). Barbara Carper identifies the four basic patters of knowing; empiric as the science of nursing, aesthetic as the art of nursing, personal knowledge and ethics as the moral component (Kingsley 2002).This report will outline the four patterns of knowing and indicate how Melanie should have used them to make an informed decisions while looking after James. This report will show how the four ways of knowing should have helped Melanie to respond to James’s need in an ethical way without having to breach any duty of care that he owed to either James and or the hospital (Kingsley 2002). Nurses have numerous legal, professional and ethical duties (Crisp and Taylor 2008). The three main duties are to respect all patients’ confidentiality and autonomy and to recognize duty of care owed to all parties Johnstone 2004). The report will discuss how Melanie legal responsibilities and if any breach of duty occurred. When a professional duty is breached there is a legal implication (Crisp and Taylor 2008). The nursing professions are bound by own code of ethics which are enforced by disciplinary procedures (Crisp and Taylor 2008). Different document can be used by the nurses to help them comprehend their standard of care. The report will identify the legal responsilities of Melanie and discus legislations, case laws or common law principle that informs understanding of the key legal responsibilities of the nursing student. The report will outline the ethical issues in the case study and discuss how bioethical principles help in the solving this ethical issues in nursing. The report will outline duty of care that Melanie owed to all parties and if they were fulfilled.
Ways knowing in nursing
In nursing there are four fundamental patters of knowing that were identified by Barbra Caper in 1978(Kingsley 2002).These four ways of