However Aristotle then explains that a person should not act virtuously just to achieve a particular end because he believes this to be a subordinate aim. A person that acts in a way to achieve goodness Aristotle explains is a superior aim and it is these people that act ‘’good’’ because it is the right way to act not because they ought to. Following on from this Aristotle goes on to explain the key to goodness and virtue is to follow the ‘’golden mean’’. This is when as a person we act between two extreme vices for example the midpoint between shamelessness and shyness is modesty, this therefore is the golden mean. Aristotle also distinguished between two types of virtue, moral virtues and intellectual virtues. The first being those cultivated through habit whilst intellectual virtues are those cultivated through instruction. In the later twentieth century Virtue Ethics suffered a revival. It was questioned whether Aristotle’s teachings on Virtue Ethics had any weaknesses and some modern perspectives on Virtue Theory can be seen to highlight these flaws.…
AO1: Examine one dilemma in sexual ethics and outline different ways in which it may be resolved.…
No, I think that goodness is not ALWAYS duty-bound because I believe that doing duty is based on human reasoning. It is a case-to-case basis. If we know that our duty may affect the maxim that we believed in and may harm other people, then it will also affect our moral obligation to have a peaceful and harmonious life. For example, I believe in the maxim of “Respect and love your parents” and I am one of the subjects of the emperor and he commanded me to kill my parents because they are terrorists. In this situation, my moral obligation overrides my legal obligation as the emperor’s subject. Therefore, I have my own reason not to follow my emperor but to live with the principle that I believed in. In your question of how would I judge people who do not keep their promises, who lies and cheat, and who doesn’t live according to social expectations, I believe that they have their own reason(s) why they do those things. We don’t have the right to judge their action because first of all, their decision is based on their reason. We may not be in their situation, but come to think when we are in their shoes and faced with circumstances they are facing, I think that we would also act according to the same…
In the article “It Just Happens”, agreeing to Melanie Beres’ article, by saying that ‘it just happens’, it renounces the responsibility and action in portraying in the encounter of having casual sex. Most of the contributors agreed that alcohol play’s a vast role in the choices and actions that they make. Particularly for women, forwarding the accountability to alcohol allows women to feel less immoral. Though both genders describe their arrangement as “it just happens”, men tend to more often look for casual encounters and one nights stands at clubs and bars as a sign of dominance. Beres talks about five major ques that were significant to the study. The first one, which was just previously mentioned, is the ‘it just happens’ discourse. The…
Virtue Ethics as a “different approach to morality” (MacKinnon, 2012, p. 124), was distinguished from the other ethical theories as one that “is concerned with those traits of character that make one a good person” (MacKinnon, 2012, p. 125). In contrast with the other ethical theories that “are concerned with how we determined what is the right things to do” (MacKinnon, 2012, p. 124), “virtue ethics asks how we ought to be” (MacKinnon, 2012, p. 125).…
1B. Aristotle believed that the chief good is in reaching a life of virtue that is created by doing what is purely right. He describes these in two categories, the ethical virtues and the intellectual virtues.…
Firstly, we must understand what is meant by ‘good’ well good is that which is morally right. With God it is said in the bible “oh give thanks to the lord, for he is good; for His loving-kindness is everlasting (Psalms), another way is the 10 commandments which shows God setting the standard of what is morally right and wrong. Another way of showing of how ‘God is good’ is by creation in genesis 1 and 2 which shows God either creating the world or how he is crafting everything, also in the bible of how God has preformed miracles and in todays society.…
We say people are “good” if they perform their function/occupation/talent well. Such as a person who can play the flute. If they play the flute well they are a good flutist; playing the flute being the distinct function of the flutiest. Distinct rational activity is what separates us from plants and animals. Therefore the supreme good is an activity in which is in rational accordance with virtue. This is in accordance with the views of a happy person. A happy person is seen as rational, virtuous and active.…
There are several value systems that our text overviews that I can see logical, however, I cannot find just one view that I completely agree with. The legalistic view is how I was raised to believe, and in my heart, I feel is the way we should all base our lives around, even though it is almost impossible in the world now. Since, the time has changed and made the world so casual about sex and relationships, this category of following the Bible’s moral codes is seen as old fashioned and not really up to date with the world. Hedonism just seems fun to me, we all should be after what makes us feel good. In a way, many see this is the main point of sexual relations. However, it is not enough for me to put it as my main view, either. Rationalism and situational ethics both carry many good points about human values. One should be able to live life and make choices with their partner based on “true love,” even though others may see this as wrong, we are all able to make our own choices. This leads me to my value system, of ethical relativism. I choose this, because we should not say a Priest is wrong for not bearing his fruit to help in the repopulation of the world, nor should we say a couple in love, who have had children should be condemned for not being married, because under the circumstance of getting married they would jeopardize their financial situation. (I know this from personal experience. Both my children were born before my husband and I got married. He and I had lived together for a couple of years, but his income alone was not enough to support the family and if we got married I would have lost most of my disability income, making it where we would not be able to afford to take care of our children.) Even though I knew we were doing something, I was taught is wrong, I justified it with excuses and knew that we had a wonderful love, my children had a mother and…
* Buddhist Sexual Ethics - a rejoiner. 2012. Buddhist Sexual Ethics - a rejoiner. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.buddhanet.net/rejoiner.htm. [Accessed 20 June 2012].…
There have been many different theories of virtue that have come to play over the years. In today’s society, the most popular theories are Kantianism and consequentialism. These two theories incline to concern with the categorizing of actions as either right or erroneous. “Although virtue ethics lacks in popularity, many people still cerebrate it is indispensable. Virtue ethics requires us to understand how to be transform ourselves into better people. That signifies we have to understand what is moral, how to be incentivized to be moral, and how to authentically deport morally.” [ CITATION JWG10 \l 1033 ].…
Aristotle in "The Aim of Man," is trying to provide us with some guidance in this matter. As you read, you will note that in Aristotle's view, there is nothing more noble, nothing more fulfilling, nothing more important, than statecraft, or government service. His ideal, that for which each of us should strive, is "the good." We might be able to agree with him that all things (and people) strive for "good," but aren't there exceptions? Don't some people seem to aim for evil? He goes on to argue that "Wherever there are certain ends over and above the actions themselves, it is the nature of such products to be better than the activities." He is saying that the ends are better than the means. Do you agree?…
Do the ends justify the means, or is a virtuous action virtuous in and of itself?…
Throughout the first few pages of Margaret A. Farley’s book “A Framework for Christian Sexual Ethics” she references the differences in understanding of sexual ethics between Ancient Greeks and today’s modern society. Farley tells us that although we are seemingly following the same set of Christian sexual ethics as the Ancient Greeks, our modern society has reconstituted these guidelines to meet several different frames and needs of understanding.…
Robert Frost’s “Acquainted With the Night” begins with the instantly recognizable scene of a man walking out into the raining night, without any apparent destination in mind. This cliche picture is almost universally seen as portraying someone who is depressed because they feel they have failed at something, or perhaps something horrible has happened to them, such as the loss of a family member. The speaker in this poem is afflicted with the first option. He writes of how he took a step back and looked at the world around him as an outsider. In doing so he feels as though he hasn’t made any satisfying impact with his life, and that his time is passing him by, and he is wasting it.…