Osteoporosis Case Study
Osteoporosis Case Study
Brittany Laplow
Bone Physiology
Question 1
Describe bone physiology and the bone remodeling cycle. Be sure to emphasize the two types of bone tissue and the roles of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
Bone physiology is the growth and repair of bones. Bone remodeling is part of this cycle. There are two parts of this cycle, bone deposit and bone resorption (Marieb & Hoehn, 2013). Bone deposit marks areas that need repairing by osteoblasts and bone resorption removes osseous tissue by osteoclasts (2013).
Question 2
Explain the relationship between calcium and bones.
Calcium is an important part of the body because it is necessary for quite a few different physiological processes which include transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction, blood coagulation, secretion by glands and nerve cells, and cell division (2013). Calcium is also present in more than 99% as bone minerals and is absorbed from the intestine under the control of vitamin D metabolites (2013).
Question 3
Explain how the body controls calcium levels in the bones and blood. Be sure to describe the roles of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin in detail.
According to Marieb & Hoehn, when blood levels of ionic calcium decline, PTH is released and the PTH level stimulates osteoclasts to resorb bone, releasing calcium into blood. As blood concentrations of calcium rise, the stimulus for PTH release ends and the PTH reverses its effects and causes blood calcium levels to fall (2013). If blood calcium levels are low for a long period of time, the bones become so demineralized that they develop large, punched-out-looking holes and the bones serve as a storehouse from which ionic calcium is drawn as needed (2013).
Question 4
Explain specifically how osteoporosis affects the bone matrix and the normal bone remodeling cycle.
In osteoporosis, bone resorption outpaces bone deposit and due to this, the bones become very fragile (2013). According to Marieb & Hoehn, the composition of
Brittany Laplow
Bone Physiology
Question 1
Describe bone physiology and the bone remodeling cycle. Be sure to emphasize the two types of bone tissue and the roles of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
Bone physiology is the growth and repair of bones. Bone remodeling is part of this cycle. There are two parts of this cycle, bone deposit and bone resorption (Marieb & Hoehn, 2013). Bone deposit marks areas that need repairing by osteoblasts and bone resorption removes osseous tissue by osteoclasts (2013).
Question 2
Explain the relationship between calcium and bones.
Calcium is an important part of the body because it is necessary for quite a few different physiological processes which include transmission of nerve impulses, muscle contraction, blood coagulation, secretion by glands and nerve cells, and cell division (2013). Calcium is also present in more than 99% as bone minerals and is absorbed from the intestine under the control of vitamin D metabolites (2013).
Question 3
Explain how the body controls calcium levels in the bones and blood. Be sure to describe the roles of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin in detail.
According to Marieb & Hoehn, when blood levels of ionic calcium decline, PTH is released and the PTH level stimulates osteoclasts to resorb bone, releasing calcium into blood. As blood concentrations of calcium rise, the stimulus for PTH release ends and the PTH reverses its effects and causes blood calcium levels to fall (2013). If blood calcium levels are low for a long period of time, the bones become so demineralized that they develop large, punched-out-looking holes and the bones serve as a storehouse from which ionic calcium is drawn as needed (2013).
Question 4
Explain specifically how osteoporosis affects the bone matrix and the normal bone remodeling cycle.
In osteoporosis, bone resorption outpaces bone deposit and due to this, the bones become very fragile (2013). According to Marieb & Hoehn, the composition of