Preview

Othello Through Marxism and Formalism

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1497 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Othello Through Marxism and Formalism
A.P. Lit/Critical Lens Essay
03-25-13
Who’s Got The Power?

Throughout all of human existence, the desire for power has overruled everything. We are constantly trying to be better than the ones around us, and are jealous of those who are on top. In many situations, it seems that no matter how hard we try, we can never get to that point of control that we so badly strive for. In Shakespeare’s tragically deceptive play, “Othello”, the symbolism and conflict throughout the play continually demonstrates Iago’s struggle to gain power. Through Iago’s miserable fail to obtain the power he so badly aspires, Shakespeare proves that the human race can never be happy with what they have, and that they are always trying to be better than everyone else. Iago uses the power over emotion to control Roderigo. Roderigo wants to prove his love to Desdemona, and Iago jumps at the chance to use this situation to his advantage. This is proven when he takes Roderigo’s gold and jewels to give to Desdemona, but keeps them for himself saying: “The jewels you have had from me to deliver to Desdemona would half have corrupted a votarist: you have told me she hath received them and returned me expectations and comforts of sudden respect and acquaintance, but I find none.” Once Iago was aware of Roderigo’s love for Desdemona, he became jealous of that relationship. He wanted power over Roderigo, and if Roderigo was thinking about something else, it meant he wasn’t helping Iago. Iago effectively continued to gain and control his power. He was a very intelligent intellectual, which strongly benefited his ability to manipulate everyone he knew. After he manipulated Roderigo, he took over Cassio’s life. He was upset that Othello trusted Cassio with everything rather than himself. He became so jealous that he did everything he could to ruin the lives of everyone around him, while climbing to the top. Iago unveils his jealousy, saying “One Michael Cassio, a Florentine, A fellow almost damn'd in

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    At the beginning of the play, Iago makes it clear that he wanted Cassio’s position as Othello’s lieutenant: “I know my price; I am worth no worse a place” (Othello I.i.10). He feels that the position belongs to him, and he becomes extremely envious when the position is given to Cassio instead. Lancer mentions that envy is a defense mechanism to insecurity and that those who experience envy “might [even] go so far as to sabotage, misappropriate, or defame the envied person.” This is exactly what Iago does; he conjures up a plan to sabotage Othello and defame Cassio in his fit of rage by using something he has mastered: jealousy/envy. In her essay, “Jealousy in Othello,” Jennifer Putnam states that Iago “wants everyone to feel as he does so he engineers the jealousy of other characters” (43). In short, Iago wanted to bring everyone, specifically Othello, down to the same level as him. He wanted those who made him feel insecure to share the same feelings in hopes of destroying…

    • 1936 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Iago Character Analysis

    • 483 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Iago is manipulative and also very cunning however what led to his downfall is him underestimating others. He has a talent for understanding and manipulating people around him desires and that makes him both a powerful and a heavily admired character. Shakespeare display Iago as an evil character who’s willing to drag innocent character into his revenge- Roderigo, Desdemona and Emilia. Iago is able to hurt Othello deeply because he understands Othello so well and as the ply progress on seem to grow even closer to Othello as his revenge progresses. He frequently refers to Othello as the 'Moor´ this statement show…

    • 483 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Correspondingly, In Othello, Iago begins the play by working for Roderigo as his personal spy. Roderigo pays Iago to help him pursue Desdemona. Iago plans to drain Roderigo of his earnings, but soon realizes it is not enough to please him. Iago wanted the promotion of Lieutenant, but lost it to Othello's best friend Cassio. In revenge, Iago acts on his personal hatred for Othello, and comes to the conclusion that he too, wants Desdemona. This shows that despite Cassio and Othello's higher rank over Iago, Iago will ultimately have the most power by hurting Othello's pride.…

    • 797 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Iago is a cruel and evil man who uses ways to ruin Othello and Desdemona’s relationship. Othello appointed Cassio, to be his lieutenant. Iago was mad when he heard about it, he believes that he should be the one for the position since he knows more. This started off with his jealousy of Cassio. When Othello and Desdemona got married without letting anyone knowing, Iago begins to plot his plan. He used Roderigo to help him throughout the process of his plan to bring down Cassio. He then told Othello lies to ruin his own relationship. He also use Bianca as his part of the plan. Iago got people into thinking he was a nice honest guy, but he uses other people's jealousy and gullibleness for his own benefit.…

    • 749 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Iago stands a typical Machiavellian antagonist of Shakespeare’s, however his motives for revenge are distinctly complex, with the line of envy and justified hatred indistinguishably blurred. His cunning scenarios and therefore his motives for such, stem from wounded pride in relation to Cassio’s promotion over his own, “One Michael Cassio… That never set a squadron in the field”, underlying suspicion over Othello and wife Emilia’s relationship “Till I am evened with him wife for wife”, and personal injustice, “Preferment goes by letter and affection”, expressing his disgust towards Othello’s favoritism of Cassio. Iago’s motivation for revenge upon Othello and Cassio is spurred by an egotistical and superior attitude; “Heaven is my judge” suggesting that he believes only God, a power recognized as the highest judgmental authority is worthy of judging his unjust actions. This superior attitude eventually contributes to his demise.…

    • 1063 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Similarly, in Othello, Iago uses his manipulative skills to become more powerful than Othello. Initially, Othello has a greater amount of power because he is the general of the army of Venice. Othello uses his power to chose a lieutenant for the army and Iago believes that he is “worth no worse a place” (1) meaning that Othello shouldn’t consider choosing anyone other than Iago for the position. However, Othello does not choose Iago and that sparks Iago’s sense of revenge. Iago’s revenge begins when Othello proves his trust for Iago…

    • 2471 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Othello And 1984 Analysis

    • 931 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Power can be gained in many ways, one of these is through censorship, in these books; Othello, Fahrenheit 451, and 1984, we see this theme of censorship pop up in many ways, whether this be censorship of oneself, or censorship of others to ultimately gain control and power. In Othello, we see this theme of censorship of oneself, as Iago carefully censors what information he tells to which people in order to retain his level of trust he has with other people. This is the result of censorship on a small scale. In Fahrenheit 451, we see a large level of censorship, through the burning of physically attained knowledge by the way of books. This form of censorship is used to create ignorance amongst a group of people. Lastly, in 1984, we see the…

    • 931 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Jealousy is what got the worst side out of the strong, noble, great Othello. Throughout the play he totally transforms Othello into a different person. Making him feel like a monster. Iago manipulates Othello into believing that Cassio is having an affair with his wife, Desdemona, planting doubt and jealousy in him. Using his reputation as an honest man to his favor is how he gets Othello into believing all the lies that comes to his mind. Othello, like everybody else viewed Iago as the most honest man, not knowing that Iago hated him with a passion. “We've seen how Iago uses animal imagery in his racist diatribe against Othello, which is grounded in the idea that black men (and women) are inhuman.” (Shmoop Editorial Team). Iago doesn’t view…

    • 298 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Othello's Flaws

    • 747 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Though Othello is the cause of his own downfall and the play’s tragic outcome, it’s Iago that guides him along. Iago merely uses suggestion to persuade Othello. The first thing Iago does is he uses lies to make Othello believe him. He says that Cassio was talking to…

    • 747 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Othello Essay

    • 1031 Words
    • 5 Pages

    First off, Iago shows how envy and jealousy can make one want to inflict pain and suffering on others. “That never set a squadron in the field, / Nor the division of a battle knows / More than a spinster – unless the bookish theory, / Wherein he {toged} consuls can propose / As masterly as he” (I. i. 23 – 27). Iago displays bitterness at the fact that Cassio became lieutenant instead of him, indicating his jealousy and envy towards him. This envy and jealousy causes Iago to become very manipulative and makes him hostile towards Cassio. “Let me go sir, or I’ll knock you o’er the / mazard” (II. iii. 161 – 162). As shown, Cassio becomes hostile, threatening Montano, all because of Iago’s puppeteering. Iago’s jealousy towards Cassio caused him to engineer the plan which made Cassio lose his position as lieutenant by attacking Montano. Moreover, this shows how envious Cassio was and what measures he went to just to ensure he attained what he wanted. “My friend is dead. / ‘Tis done at your request” (III.iii 539 – 540). Iago quickly agreed to kill Cassio when asked to do so by…

    • 1031 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Othello paper

    • 1012 Words
    • 5 Pages

    “Deceit and falsehood, whatever conveniences they may for a time promise or produce, are in the sum of life obstacles to happiness. Those who profit by the cheat distrust the deceiver, and the act by which kindness is sought puts an end to confidence”(Johnson218).Iago’s motives for his actions may be jealousy, greed, paranoia , and even the simple fact of seeing if he can get away with it. Iago has built a reputation that yields its own gravity. If Shakespeare’s setting took place in America, Iago would be the American dream. He’s married, he is a sound soldier, has an affinity for people, and is always there to help someone in need. Iago is the typical role model. What society fails to realize is that Iago does noble acts when visible but it remains unknown as to what his true intentions are. Iago’s relationship with Othello is one that gives with the right hand and takes with the left. In the right hand, putting race aside, Iago looks up to Othello as a father: he desires his attention, always wants to be involved in his life, and is someone whose footsteps he’d like to follow. Then we have Iago’s left hand, which takes race into account, cannot stand Othello to the point that his very own existence is to become the poison that fills his lungs and the host of the illusion that clouds his mind. The relationship between them is almost incredulous. Iago literally wants to be everything for Othello, the good and the bad. For this reason I believe it vindicates Iago’s methods towards Cassio.…

    • 1012 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Othello Essay

    • 1064 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Shakespeare's "Othello" exhibits the demise of man via jealousy and rumor. The work showcases perhaps the gravest villain in literary times, Iago, whose evil cunning and masterful manipulation steamrolls the demise of honorable reputations; the destruction of intimate relationships, both brotherly and romantic; and finally, breaks down the sanity and conviction of stable men due to excessive need to protect ego and preserve personal pride.…

    • 1064 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Probably, Iago's most potent weapon in helping him manipulate others is the fact that he is known as "honest Iago". All the main characters trust him and due to this he is able to give them advice, which they think might benefit them but rather is getting them caught in Iago's web. This occurs many times and one such moment is when Cassio thinks Iago is trying to aid him by telling him to "Confess yourself / freely to her", meaning that Cassio should ask Desdemona for help in restoring friendly relations between himself and Othello. Although what Iago intends to happen is very…

    • 1751 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In Othello, Shakespeare tells the story of the soldier Othello, a noble and respected man, whose insecurities enable him to fall prey to the overwhelming power of jealousy. Through manipulation and lies, Othello changes from a kind and faithful husband into a man completely taken over by jealousy, resulting in his downfall. This shift in Othello’s character is done by the antagonist, Iago. Iago’s cruelty to not only Othello, but all others around him, reveals his villainous personality. Iago acts through selfish reasons alone, and stops at no lengths in order to get to what he wants. Through the character Iago, Shakespeare, in his play Othello, explores the concept of the evil nature of man and argues that one who is motivated purely by greed and the desire for power will ultimately face the consequences of his or her actions.…

    • 793 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Othello Good Vs Evil

    • 933 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Iago craves getting revenge and taking what he believes is rightfully his and will do anything he has to in order to achieve those goals. Iago wants to take “revenge/ For that I do suspect the lusty Moor/ Hath leap’d into my seat” (2.2 283-85) not because he wishes to cause chaos. He also seeks to take the lieutenant spot away from Cassio because he’s proven himself to be a strong soldier in battle, but he’s achievements have been “lee’d and calm’d/ By debitor and creditor; this counter-caster” (1.1 30-31). Iago’s poor self-esteem leaves him jealous of Othello’s achievements and Cassio’s looks and status, while also leaving him very doubtful and ungrateful for the things he does have. He suspects that his wife has cheated on him without any actual proof and treats her with an aloof behavior, while Othello and Desdemona have a very happy and loving marriage. In comparison to Cassio, Iago is not seen as very good looking or much of a scholar. Iago performs all of his deeds to satisfy his jealousy and self-esteem because he’s surrounded by people who are far more accomplished than he…

    • 933 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays

Related Topics