Overpopulation in India: Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages of Overpopulation
i)Efficient utilization of resources
A major portion of our country's resources are lying idle or are underutilized.We need more manpower to utilize them effectively so that there is no wastage. ii)Expansion of Market
An increase in the total population will raise the demand for various essential as well as luxury goods.It will act as an incentive for the producers to set up more industries which will bring economic development. iii)Better Labor Force
The growing population will help in increasing the national output of the country and we can have the benefits of new talented minds of the younger generations. iv)Greater Investments and Capital Formation
The population will create a wider market.Hence it will attract the investors to invest on these items.This will lead to a net addition in the capital stock of the country.
Disadvantages of Overpopulation
i)Shortage of Food Grains
With the increase in the population it becomes difficult to feed all the mouths properly as the agricultural sector of our country is still not mechanized.Also the increase in the population will put a greater stress on the land leading to its fragmentation. ii)Environmental Problems
We are all aware about the various environmental problems that our country faces.Global Warming is one of them that results from heavy pollution from the industries.
iii)Problem of Unemployment
There will be a huge problem of unemployment and underemployment with the increase in the population as additional jobs created could not keep pace with the growth rate. iv)Poverty and Low Standard of Living
Low level of per capita income reduces the purchasing power of the people making them poor.They cannot arrange for the proper education of the children resulting in the lower standard of living.
v)Inflation
It has been seen that prices of basic food items rises due to the increase in the population.
Advantages of Underpopulation
i)Greater Availability of Resources
i)Efficient utilization of resources
A major portion of our country's resources are lying idle or are underutilized.We need more manpower to utilize them effectively so that there is no wastage. ii)Expansion of Market
An increase in the total population will raise the demand for various essential as well as luxury goods.It will act as an incentive for the producers to set up more industries which will bring economic development. iii)Better Labor Force
The growing population will help in increasing the national output of the country and we can have the benefits of new talented minds of the younger generations. iv)Greater Investments and Capital Formation
The population will create a wider market.Hence it will attract the investors to invest on these items.This will lead to a net addition in the capital stock of the country.
Disadvantages of Overpopulation
i)Shortage of Food Grains
With the increase in the population it becomes difficult to feed all the mouths properly as the agricultural sector of our country is still not mechanized.Also the increase in the population will put a greater stress on the land leading to its fragmentation. ii)Environmental Problems
We are all aware about the various environmental problems that our country faces.Global Warming is one of them that results from heavy pollution from the industries.
iii)Problem of Unemployment
There will be a huge problem of unemployment and underemployment with the increase in the population as additional jobs created could not keep pace with the growth rate. iv)Poverty and Low Standard of Living
Low level of per capita income reduces the purchasing power of the people making them poor.They cannot arrange for the proper education of the children resulting in the lower standard of living.
v)Inflation
It has been seen that prices of basic food items rises due to the increase in the population.
Advantages of Underpopulation
i)Greater Availability of Resources