Overview of Ict

Lesson 1: OVERVIEW OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (5 hours) 1.1 Computer Literacy for All What is a computer? A computer is an electronic device that performs tasks based on instructions given by the user. Why do we need computers? The answer is clear, in all aspects of daily living – education work, pleasure, entertainment, communication, marketing, business and the like, computer is always present. There are three measurements to assess the level of computer literacy. These are: a. Awareness (be aware of their importance, versatility and pervasiveness in our society) b. Knowledge (learn what computers are and how they function, this requires knowing some technical jargons in order to understand the computer language) c. Interaction (Usage of some simple applications, like doing research via the internet, mailing and chatting electronically) 1.2 Nature of Computers Advantages of Computer a. Speed b. Storage c. Reliability d. Consistent e. Communicate Disadvantages of Computer a. Safety b. Health Risks c. Environment d. Use of Power e. Privacy Violation 1.3 Use of Computers

Principal Areas of Computer Use a. Graphics (picture representation of statistical reports) b. Retailing (barcode) c. Energy (energy companies use computers to locate oil, coal natural gas, and uranium, and to monitor vast power networks) d. Paperwork (printing is minimized because of online processing, final reports) e. Transportation (run rapid transit, safeguard airport take-offs and landings, monitor air traffics and schedule travel) f. Law enforcement (fingerprint, DNA, match traces such as blood on crime scene) g. Money (cashless money through the use of credit and debit cards) h. Agriculture (billing, crop information, cost per acre, feed combinations and market price checks0 i. Government (forecast weather, process immigrants, elections) j. Education (DepEd and CHED requires the integration of computer subjects in every school level from nursery to tertiary) k. Home (usage of personal computers) l. Health and medicine (monitoring of patient from the ICU, diagnosis etc) m. Robotics (opening packages believed to contain bombs) n. Sciences (used for scientific researches) o. Connectivity (allows a person to communicate with other people) p. Human connection (children in particular consider the computer their main educator tool, disabled persons with the help of computers can be productive and more capable) 1.4 History of Computer *refer to PowerPoint Pesentation 1.5 Password Protection When working in a networked environment you will use a user ID and password to access the system. These are use to identify you so that appropriate rights are made available to you while you work. These rights give you access to the drives that you need to use to read and/or write to files. Levels of Password Protection a. User level (can be assigned through the use of operating system, with this type of password protection the computer will boots up and you need to enter your identification and password before you can go any further) Considerations on creating passwords: * Don’t use things someone can associate with you (e.g. your name or your child’s), your date of birth or car registration * Use a mixture of letters and numbers that you can remember but difficult for someone to guess * Don’t tell anyone your password – and change is regularly b. Folders/Directories (some folders on the file server will be shared – several users may have access to them. To ensure that authorized users only access these folders, passwords may be used). c. Files If you have files on any PC that you don’t want other users to be able to view or edit, you may be able to view or edit, you may be able to password-protect them. By using the password-protection features available, the following security features could be available on a networked PC: * A password to access the system * A password to access a shared folder on the network server * A password to access a file * A password to access to allow editing of a file

d. USB/Flash Drives e. Screen Savers 1.6 Hardware and Software Security Hardware can be protected through a. Insurance policies b. Lock on your office/room c. Security cables Threats to Data * Power cuts (where any unsaved data will be lost) * Serious hardware fault * Physical damage (flood or fire) * Theft or other malicious act. 1.7 Computer Viruses A computer virus is software that has been written with the specific purpose of causing havoc on computer systems. It is called a virus because it has been programmed to spread through the system and on to other computer systems. havoc noun. | devastation - destruction - ravage - desolation - ruin |

verb. | ravage - destroy - devastate - ruin - harry - demolish | Other virus can: * Delete files * Corrupt disk/files Basic safety precautions to limit the chances of infection * Install liable anti-virus software on your computer and update it regularly * Use the anti-virus software to scan your system for viruses regularly * Use the anti-virus software to scan any removable disk before you open files on them * Scan any files downloaded from the internet before you open them – viruses are often transmitted in attachments to email * Install only genuine software from reputable sources. * Don’t open attachments to emails or the email messages themselves, from sources that you don’t recognize.