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Ozone Layer Depletion and Natural Resources.

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Ozone Layer Depletion and Natural Resources.
OZONE-LAYER DEPLETION AND NATURAL RESOURCES

INTRODUCTION

Sometime ago, a warning endorsed by more than 1,600 of the world’s most distinguished scientists, including 102 Nobel Prize winner states in part:

Human being and the natural world are on collision course. Human activities inflict harsh and often irreversible damaged on the environment and critical resources. If not checked, many of our current practices put as serious risk the future that we wish for human society and the plant and animal kingdoms, and may so alter the living world that it will be unable to sustain life in the manner we know. Fundamental changes are urgent if we are to avoid the collision our present course will bring about.

Two of the potentially disastrous phenomena are global warming and ozone layer depletion. In a national study conducted in 1995, it was found that less than 5% of Nigerians surveyed know the causes and consequences of global warming and ozone layer depletion. The intent of this series is to enhance public understanding of the two phenomena with a view to mobilising local and national action in taking corrective actions.

The presentation begins with a look at the atmosphere, since is where the action is in discussions on global warming and ozone layer depletion and anchors with suggestions for local, national and global action.

THE ATMOSPHERE

The Earth and other planets of the solar system are each enclosed in a thin shell of gas called the atmosphere. If the Earth is compared to an orange, the atmosphere can be considered the skin of the orange.

Layers of the atmosphere

Scientists have developed three different classification systems for the atmosphere on the basis of (a) Varying temperature, (b) varying electrical characteristics, and (c) varying composition.

Temperature

On the basis of temperature, scientists distinguish five layers. The troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, exosphere, thermosphere.

Electrical Properties



References: 1. S.I. Rasool and S.H. Schneider, 1971. “Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Aerosols: Effects of Large Increases on Global Climate.” Science, Vol 2. J. Schlesinger, 2003. “Climate Change: The Science Isn’t Settled.” The Washington Post, (July 7). 3. Stephen H. Schneider, 1989. In an interview to Discover, (October), pp. 45-48. 4. P.J. Michaels, 1997. “Holes in the Greenhouse Effect?” The Washington Post (June 30). 5. S.F. Singer, 1996. “A Preliminary Critique of IPCC,” in The Global Warming Debate, ed Environmental Forum), pp. 1146-1157. 6. F. Bottcher, 1996. “Climate Change: Forcing a Treaty,” in The Global Warming Debate, ed 7. B. Lomborg, 2001. “The Truth about the Environment.” The Economist (April 8). 8. W.D. Nordhaus and J.G. Boyer, 1999. Requiem for Kyoto. An Economic Analysis of the Kyoto Protocol, Cowles Foundation Discussion Paper No. 9. P.J. Georgia, 2001. “Canadian Government Split on Kyoto,” Competitive Enterprise Institute, Vol 10. I.G. Draganic, Z.D. Draganic, and J.-P. Adloff, 1993. Radiation and Radioactivity on Earth and Beyond 11. R.G. Ellingson, J. Ellis, and S. Fels, 1991. “The Intercomparison of Radiation Codes Used in Climate Models: Long Wave Results Geophysical Research, Vol. 96 (D5), pp. 8929-8953. 12. R.G. Ellingson, 1999. Water vapor—private communication. 13. Z. Jaworowski, 1999. “The Global Warming Folly.” 21st Century (Winter), pp

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