INTRODUCTION: Nutrition is recognized as a basic human right, vital to the survival, growth and development of children according to the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF). And proper nutrition is a key to having a happy, healthy life, but despite this pronouncement, millions of people around the world suffer from malnutrition and continues to claim millions of lives, with more than 5.5 million children under-five years of age dying annually. (Devpulse, 2008). There were 925 million malnourished people in the world in 2010, an increase of 80 million since 1990, despite the fact that the world already produces enough food to feed everyone (6 billion people) and could feed the double (12 billion people).
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and micronutrient deficiencies remain the leading nutritional problems in the Philippines which rank eighth in countries who have five million or more undernourished people. There were 15.2 million undernourished people in 2001–2003, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization. This represents the number of people consuming less than the minimum amount of food energy (measured in kilocalories per capita per day) necessary for the average person to stay in good health while performing light physical activity. From 2005 to 2008, there was a significant increase in the proportion of underweight children aged 0-5 from 24.6 percent to 26.2 percent, according to the National Nutrition Survey (NNS). A very high prevalence of underweight preschoolers was noted in Regions IV-B, V, VI, VIII, and IX, where data on the proportion of underweight-for-age children registered at greater than or equal to 30 percent.
The status of micronutrient malnutrition is likewise an important concern in the country. According to WHO (2009) the vitamin A status of the country is considered severe