Patterns in Nature Summary
Patterns in Nature 1. Organisms are made of cells that have similar structural characteristics * Outline the historical development of the cell theory, in particular the contributions of Robert Hooke and Robert Brown
Robert Hooke was the first person to observe a cell through a compound microscope in 1665. Franscesco Redi used a microscope to observe that flies do not spontaneously appear but develop from eggs laid by other flies. Many years later, Robert Brown observed a large body in both animal and plant cells that he named the nucleus. M. Schleiden and T. Schwann came up with the first two points of cell theory; 1. Cells are the smallest units of life and 2. All living things consist of one or more organised structures called cells. Rudolf Virchow later added the third point to the cell theory; 3. All living things arise from pre-existing cells. * Describe evidence to supports the cell theory
* Discuss the significance of technological advances to developments in the cell theory
* Identify cell organelles seen with current light and electron microscopes
In light microscopes the organelles that could be seen were cell wall, cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleolus, chloroplast, water vacuole and cell membrane. * Describe the relationship between the structure of cell organelles and their function
2. Membranes around cells provide separation from and links with the external environment * Identify the major groups of substances found in living cells and their uses in cell activities
The major group of substances found in living cells are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates are used as nutrients for cells, cellular respiration, provide energy for the body to function and live off, give structure to cell walls and store glucose. Lipids are a structural component of cell membrane and modulator of cell activity. Proteins regulate the immune system and signal pathways. Nucleic acids are used for the growth
Robert Hooke was the first person to observe a cell through a compound microscope in 1665. Franscesco Redi used a microscope to observe that flies do not spontaneously appear but develop from eggs laid by other flies. Many years later, Robert Brown observed a large body in both animal and plant cells that he named the nucleus. M. Schleiden and T. Schwann came up with the first two points of cell theory; 1. Cells are the smallest units of life and 2. All living things consist of one or more organised structures called cells. Rudolf Virchow later added the third point to the cell theory; 3. All living things arise from pre-existing cells. * Describe evidence to supports the cell theory
* Discuss the significance of technological advances to developments in the cell theory
* Identify cell organelles seen with current light and electron microscopes
In light microscopes the organelles that could be seen were cell wall, cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleolus, chloroplast, water vacuole and cell membrane. * Describe the relationship between the structure of cell organelles and their function
2. Membranes around cells provide separation from and links with the external environment * Identify the major groups of substances found in living cells and their uses in cell activities
The major group of substances found in living cells are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates are used as nutrients for cells, cellular respiration, provide energy for the body to function and live off, give structure to cell walls and store glucose. Lipids are a structural component of cell membrane and modulator of cell activity. Proteins regulate the immune system and signal pathways. Nucleic acids are used for the growth