One of the most significant and remarkable incidents of the Middle Ages was the series of conflicts known collectively as the Crusades. Generally these conflicts were militant pilgrimages to the Levant (though sometimes elsewhere) undertaken by medieval Europeans in the name of Christendom. Though there were many political and social issues involved in the whole affair, the primary theme, however superficial, was religious. The adversaries in these “wars” were non-Christians, namely Muslims, who were widely seen as the oppressors of Eastern Christians. Those engaged in the Crusades, especially the authorities preaching and administering them, believed that the Saracens (Turks, Arabs, etc) were intruding on lands that were inherently Christian. Two important primary source texts which explain this justification for war are Robert of Rheims’ account of Urban’s Speech at Clermont and La Chanson d’Antioche (The Song of Antioch) by Graindor de Douai. Though they are very different types of sources, written at different times and for different purposes, they both illustrate the reasons why Crusaders felt they were fighting for land that was rightfully theirs.…
While reading a version of the speech given by Urban II at Clermont in 1095, I wondered why a pope would want to start a war. So I did some research found a few reliable sources on the internet about the same speech and including my textbook. My objective in this paper is to find out why would any Christian be willing to go to war for a piece of property and or did the pope have an ulterior motive?…
Document 3 states that some people didn’t join the Crusades for religious reasons some of them joined for adventure, estates, and even commercial opportunities.…
In document three, another social impact, the author describes the motivation behind the Crusaders desire to fight in these battles. Some reasons the Crusades attracted the people was the interest only in fighting for Christianity while others looked for adventure, estates, or for commercial opportunities. Some people only fought for their own freedom. So, they either died trying to free themselves.. or died trying. They had to be gone a year and day in war to be free. “We usually think of the Crusades as a great religious movement in which gallant knights of christendom tried to win back the Holy Land from the Muslims” (Document3.) A negative social impact from document 5 says, “First, the long struggle between Islam and Christendom and the example of persecution set by Christian kings and prelates (bishops) left an inheritance of…
Analysis of “Crusaders: A mascot of choice or an unwanted representative?” The thesis of this essay is in the closing statement “All these things have defined us and made us stand out. We should not change them. Then who would we be?…
The Crusades was a series of wars fought from 1096 to 1291, it was a result of growing tension between the Christians and the Muslims, which led to religious upheaval. The Crusades played a critical part in history as it was the Christian's response to Pope Urban II’s speech to reclaim the Holy Land, Jerusalem, in order to regain economical and autocratic power. However, it was the rising tension between the Christians and Muslims that caused the Crusades to escalate and impact the middle east in the way that it did. On November 27th 1095 Pope Urban II gave one of the most influential speeches of his time, ordering Christian men to join a fight against the muslims making them believe “God wills it!”.…
Citation: C N Trueman "The Crusades" historylearningsite.co.uk. The History Learning Site, 5 Mar 2015. 17 Dec 2015. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/medieval-england/the-crusades/…
The Crusades were military journeys made by Western European Christians. The announced reason for the Crusades was to control the city of Jerusalem and in addition other eastern areas of religious journey from the control of the Muslims. Pope Urban II advanced from Byzantine Emperor Alexius Comnenus for military help against the Turks. Urban accomplished so much to restore Papal honor after Gregory VII.…
The Third Crusade lasted just a mere three years, from 1189 to 1192. It included many people such as the Sultan Saladin, King Philip II of France, King Frederick Barbarossa of Germany, and King Richard the Lionheart of England. The army of Frederick Barbarossa set out to the Holy Lands first and took the land route. Barbarossa drowned while crossing a flooded river. His army was demoralized by his death and much of the army returning back to Germany, but some continued to travel to the Holy Land.…
Patrick Geary’s “Readings in Medieval History” contains four accounts of the invasion of the Middle East by the Europeans in 1095 A.D. These accounts all cite different motives for the first crusade, and all the accounts are from the perspective of different sides of the war. The accounts all serve to widen our perspective, we hear from the Christian and Middle Eastern side of the conflict. Fulcher of Chartres claims, Pope Urban the Second urged all Christians to intervene in the “East” at the council of Claremont, saying it was a sign of “Strength of good will”. (Readings in Medieval History, Geary, page 396). Solomon Bar Simson, a member of the Jewish community in Mainz, had a much different look upon the reasons behind the Christian invasion, saying the main reason was to banish the Ishmaelite’s and take over in the East for their own greedy needs. ( Readings in Medieval History, Geary, page 407) My paper is meant to go through each account and explain each person’s feeling for why the first crusade took place.…
The Crusades were important to the people of Europe for several reasons. The most important reason is that they were an attempt to defend against Muslim conquests of Christian lands. The Crusades also provided many opportunities to the people of Europe that ultimately contributed to many improvements of their society. I personally think that the Crusades brought about accomplishments that could not have been achieved otherwise such as effects it produced economically, the political effects, and the impact it had on European culture.…
The leaders of the First Crusade included some of the most distinguished representatives of European knighthood. Count Raymond of Toulouse headed a band of volunteers from Provence in southern France. Godfrey of Bouillon and his brother Baldwin commanded a force of French and Germans from the Rhinelands. Normandy sent Robert, William the Conqueror's eldest son. The Normans from Italy and Sicily were led by Bohemond, a son of Robert Guiscard, and his nephew Tancred.…
Over the centuries many significant wars have faced political and economic turmoil. The significant wars are The Crusades, World War II, and The Persian war. The years leading up to the end of the eleventh century in Western Europe and Eurasia saw several different social, political, and economic factors that collectively contributed to the start of the First Crusade in 1096. Perhaps one of the most obvious and leading factors is the role that religion, specifically Christianity, played in everyday life of the citizens in Western Europe. Also, a break down in central authority contributed to a sense of disorder after the year 1000. The economic system in Europe was in a state of transition as well as continuing struggles for land and power. Another factor would be the defeat of the Byzantine army at Manzikirt by the Seljuk Turks in 1071, which led to Alexius Comnenus seeking assistance of Western mercenary troops. In addition, papal reform also contributed to the First Crusade.…
The First Crusade was a military expedition by the Roman Catholic Church from 1096-1099 in order to retake holy lands taken by Muslim conquest of the Levant. The result of the work led to the recapturing of Jerusalem. During the crusade knights and peasants from many parts of Western Europe traveled by land and sea to Constantinople and then to Jerusalem. The peasants outnumbered the knights. Peasants and knights were split into separate armies. However, because the peasants weren't well-trained in combat their army failed to reach Jerusalem. The knights arrived at Jerusalem and launched an assault on the city and captured it in July1099 while killing many of the city's Muslim and Jewish people. They also established the crusader states of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. The First Crusade mainly began because of political and social problems in Europe during the 11th century. It seems that Christianity caused the majority of the problem because the papacy wanted to establish a uniform religion throughout Europe, but there were many battles across the land that caused so many problems. As a result the popes who had great political power established these crusades which were fairly well organized. Although Europe was successful in capturing Jerusalem for the first time their rule was short lived. They weren't even able to maintain hold on Jerusalem for more than two centuries. Before this crusade the Byzantine Empire had to fight with the Seljuqs and other Turkish dynasties for control. When the crusaders arrived there had already been conflict wit the area. The pope rulers were too much of extremists. They worried about capturing land for religious purposes before trying to improve their own living conditions before trying to capture even more land. This is something I don't understand with most empires is why the capture more land when they are already in social and…
The crusades were in most part to help grow Christianity and for Christians to regain control of the holy land known as Jerusalem. The holy land mainly consisted of Muslims who were in control of the city. Pope Urban II wanted to regain Christian territory and the Christian people from the Muslims, he thought the Muslims were disrespecting the Christian faith and their holy land. Although the goal for the crusaders was to go after the Muslims to take back from them what they believed was theirs, they started with the Jews.…