Perception and Cognition
Temasek Polytechnic
Temasek Humanities & Social Sciences School
Diploma in Psychology Studies
Perception & Cognition (GPS 2002)
Subject Assignment 1
Name: Jovan Leung Jing Ming
Admission Number: 1103884A
Tutorial Group: TG1A
Tutor: Dr. Tan Wah Pheow
Declaration of original work:
I declare that the following work is my own original work. I have not plagiarised information and have not tried to pass off other people’s ideas and findings as my own. Wherever possible, I have tried to acknowledge works that I have referred to (through the bibliography)
______________________ ______________________ Signature Date
Priming is the incidental activation of knowledge structures, such as trait concepts and stereotypes, by the current situational context, (Bargh et. al, 1996).
For example, if one is given a list of words that includes the word ‘table’ and later is asked to complete a word starting with ‘tab’, the probability that the individual will answer ‘table’ is higher than if he/she wasn’t primed.
Priming affects implicit memory – a type of memory in which previous experiences aid the individual in performing a task without he/she being conscious of the experiences.
Bargh and Chartrand (2000) referred to three priming research techniques: conceptual priming, mindset priming, and sequential priming. In conceptual priming, the activation of mental representations in one context is used to exert a passive, unintended, and non-aware influence in subsequent, unrelated contexts. In mindset priming manipulations, the participant is actively engaged in a goal-directed type of thought in one context, to show that this mindset is more likely to operate later in an unrelated context. Sequential priming techniques test for chronic connections between two
Temasek Humanities & Social Sciences School
Diploma in Psychology Studies
Perception & Cognition (GPS 2002)
Subject Assignment 1
Name: Jovan Leung Jing Ming
Admission Number: 1103884A
Tutorial Group: TG1A
Tutor: Dr. Tan Wah Pheow
Declaration of original work:
I declare that the following work is my own original work. I have not plagiarised information and have not tried to pass off other people’s ideas and findings as my own. Wherever possible, I have tried to acknowledge works that I have referred to (through the bibliography)
______________________ ______________________ Signature Date
Priming is the incidental activation of knowledge structures, such as trait concepts and stereotypes, by the current situational context, (Bargh et. al, 1996).
For example, if one is given a list of words that includes the word ‘table’ and later is asked to complete a word starting with ‘tab’, the probability that the individual will answer ‘table’ is higher than if he/she wasn’t primed.
Priming affects implicit memory – a type of memory in which previous experiences aid the individual in performing a task without he/she being conscious of the experiences.
Bargh and Chartrand (2000) referred to three priming research techniques: conceptual priming, mindset priming, and sequential priming. In conceptual priming, the activation of mental representations in one context is used to exert a passive, unintended, and non-aware influence in subsequent, unrelated contexts. In mindset priming manipulations, the participant is actively engaged in a goal-directed type of thought in one context, to show that this mindset is more likely to operate later in an unrelated context. Sequential priming techniques test for chronic connections between two
References: Bargh, J. A., & Chartrand, T. L. (2000). The mind in the middle: A practical guide to priming and automaticity research. In H. T. Reis & C. M. Judd (Eds.), Handbook of research methods in social and personality psychology. New York, USA: Cambridge University Press. Bargh, J. A., Chen, M., & Burrows, L. (1996). Automaticity of social behavior: Direct effects of trait construct and stereotype activation on action. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 71, 230-244. Epley, N., & Gilovich, T. (1999). Just going along: Nonconscious priming and conformity to social pressure. Journal Of Experimental Social Psychology, 35(6), 578. Goldstein, B. E. (2007). Cognitive psychology: Connecting mind, research and everyday experience. (2nd ed.). Belmont, USA: Thomson Wadsworth. Harris, J. L., Bargh, J. A., & Brownell, K. D. (2009). Priming effects of television food advertising on eating behavior. Health Psychology, 28(4), 404-413 Jiang, Y., Cho, A., & Adaval, R. (2009). The unique consequences of feeling lucky: Implications for consumer behavior. Journal Of Consumer Psychology (Elsevier Science), 19(2), 171-184. Uhlmann, E., & Swanson, J. (2004). Exposure to Violent Video Games Increases Automatic Aggressiveness. Journal Of Adolescence, 27(1), 41-52.