Petroleum Technology
Introduction to Petroleum Technology
By:
NUR KHASILAH BT ABDORAHMAN
2012228568
930223-13-5588
CHAPTER 1 REVIEW – How The Earth Was Formed So, let we start with the origin of universe. it has been stated in The Big Bang theory. Over 13.5 billions years ago, a gigantic explosion produce energy and fundamental particle that created the universe. This mean that all the things that we see today such as rock, animal, plant, water was created during that time. First, quark is formed which is proton, neutron or electron. When all the quark was combined, it formed atom. Atom is then will form molecule and will produce solid, liquid and gases. Some quark are turn to hydrogen and some are turn to helium. Gravitational attraction between hydrogen and helium will create cloud of gas. This cloud, as they began to die, it will spin, contracting and forming stars. The stars will mature then explode to become supernova. About 4.55 billions years ago, there was a formation of solar system. It was started with the cloud that rotates more rapidly as it contract. Then the cloud flatten to pancake-like form and change to ring form. Then, planets form at their present distance from the sun. this make up new solar system that comprising sun and planets throughout the universe. In the beginning year of earth, it was divided into two differentiation. First was early differentiation which is layers that produced in the first 100 millions years ago. The dense liquid of Fe-Ni was sank to the core and less dense remainder forms rocky mantle. During late differentiation, there was a partial melting of mantle that made ‘light’ crust and release gas such as Oxygen and Nitrogen, for atmosphere. There was 6 parts in earth structure, first, which is the deepest one, solid inner core which contain Fe-Ni metal. Second layer is liquid outer core, which contain Fe-Ni metal. Third, rocky mantel, contain Mg-Fe silicate mineral. Forth, rocky crust, containing mainly silicate mineral. Fifth,
By:
NUR KHASILAH BT ABDORAHMAN
2012228568
930223-13-5588
CHAPTER 1 REVIEW – How The Earth Was Formed So, let we start with the origin of universe. it has been stated in The Big Bang theory. Over 13.5 billions years ago, a gigantic explosion produce energy and fundamental particle that created the universe. This mean that all the things that we see today such as rock, animal, plant, water was created during that time. First, quark is formed which is proton, neutron or electron. When all the quark was combined, it formed atom. Atom is then will form molecule and will produce solid, liquid and gases. Some quark are turn to hydrogen and some are turn to helium. Gravitational attraction between hydrogen and helium will create cloud of gas. This cloud, as they began to die, it will spin, contracting and forming stars. The stars will mature then explode to become supernova. About 4.55 billions years ago, there was a formation of solar system. It was started with the cloud that rotates more rapidly as it contract. Then the cloud flatten to pancake-like form and change to ring form. Then, planets form at their present distance from the sun. this make up new solar system that comprising sun and planets throughout the universe. In the beginning year of earth, it was divided into two differentiation. First was early differentiation which is layers that produced in the first 100 millions years ago. The dense liquid of Fe-Ni was sank to the core and less dense remainder forms rocky mantle. During late differentiation, there was a partial melting of mantle that made ‘light’ crust and release gas such as Oxygen and Nitrogen, for atmosphere. There was 6 parts in earth structure, first, which is the deepest one, solid inner core which contain Fe-Ni metal. Second layer is liquid outer core, which contain Fe-Ni metal. Third, rocky mantel, contain Mg-Fe silicate mineral. Forth, rocky crust, containing mainly silicate mineral. Fifth,