Immediately, 100 µL of BEC-HRP conjugate diluted using PBS (1:15000) was added to the standard solution. The microtiter plate was incubated for another hour while shaking at 750 rpm. Consequently, another three cycled washing step was performed, 200 µL of the freshly prepared HRP substrate solution was added to each well. The HRP substrate solution25 was 21 ml citrate buffer (220 mM sodium citrate monobasic, pH 4.0) + 8.1µL H2O2 (30%) + 525 µLTMB solution (40 mM TMB, 8 mMtetrabutylammonium borohydride, in N,N-Dimethylacetamide). The microtiter plate was incubated for 30 minutes. Eventually, the color development was stopped by adding 100µL of 1 M H2SO4. And therefore, the absorbance was measured using plate spectrophotometer SpectraMax Plus384 (Molecular Devices, Ismaning, Germany) at 450 nm with 620 nm as a reference. Four parameter fit (4PL) was used for measuring Cocaine ELISA calibration curve; A (upper asymptote), B (slope at the inflection point), C (the inflection point on the calibration curve), and D (lower…
The first step is to calibrate the colorimeter with0.20 M Fe(NO3)3and set the absorbance at 470 nm since it is known to keep an acidic solution throughout the entirety of the experiment. It was important to do this right at the beginning of the lab since the zeroed value of the acid was the calibration number for all of the other solutions. A total of seven solutions with different dilutions were used throughout the lab to conduct the equilibrium constant. The first step was adding 5 mL of 0.200 M Fe(NO3)3to each of the 5 test tubes. Once this was done, 0.00200 M NCS was added to the test tubes, each receiving a different amount; test tube one received 1 mL NCS-and with each test tube the amount of NCS-would increase by 1 mL, test tube 5 received 5 mL of NCS. . The next step was adding HNO3 to each test tube in different volumes; Test tube one received 10 mL of HNO3 and with each test tube the amount of HNO3 decreased by 1 mL, test tube five had no HNO3 added to it. The addition of these solutions formed five test tubes of different dilutions, but of equal volume, 10 mL each. After all of the previous trials had been completed the final step was to take each test tube and pour it into a different cuvette and measure the absorbance for each. Once the initial concentration was calculated of Fe3+, NCS and FeNCS2+ in molarity. The absorbency values were recorded and used to calculate the formation constant, K f The reference table containing volumes used in each solution is provided below…
The absorbance of a small test tube filled with 4.0 mL of the 0.2 M NaOH solution and 1 drop of phenolphthalein was recorded every 5 seconds for 360 seconds. Then, ln(absorbance) and 1/(absorbance) were calculated for these values…
The objectives of this lab include- illustrating the use of the spectrophotometer in chemical analysis, and generating a standard, or calibration curve, then using that curve to determine the value of an unknown substance. The spectrophotometer is one of the most powerful tools used in chemistry to find the concentration of substances in solution. It compares the colors of a known and an unknown solution, that comparison then leads to a quantitative estimate of the concentration of trace amounts of colored materials in that solution.…
Different amounts of FD&C Blue I were diluted with water to make eight differently concentrated 10 mL solutions. Samples were placed in the spectrophotometer to determine the percent transmittance of FD&C Blue 1. All of the data was summarized in graphs to predict the concentration of FD&C Blue I in a sample of Gatorade.…
As indicated by the figure, the high concentration correlated to having the highest amount of absorbance (1.006 at 300 seconds). This was followed by the medium-high concentration (0.555) and medium concentration (0.540). It can be noted that the medium concentration started off with a higher absorbance than the medium-high concentration, but the medium-high concentration had a faster increase of absorbance over time. Thus, surpassing the absorbance of the medium concentration from 270 and 300 seconds. The low concentration had the lowest amount of absorbance, with a final absorbance rate of 0.204, and did not substantially increase over the period of…
Drops |Water(HcL) |Water(NaOH) |Liver(HcL) |Liver(NaOH) |Egg White(HcL) |Egg White(NaOH0) |Potato(HCl) |Potato(NaOH) |Buffer(HCl) |Buffer(NaOH) | |0 |7 |4 |7.4 |5 |8.2 |7 |6.9 |4 |10.7 |10 | |5 |4.5 |7 |6.9 |6 |7.5 |8 |6.2 |5 |10.5 |10 | |10 |2.7 |9 |6.3 |6 |7 |9 |5.7 |5 |10.4 |11 | |15 |2.6 |12 |5.8 |6 |6.4 |9 |5.3 |6 |10.3 |12 | |20 |2.5 |12 |5.4 |6 |4.5 |10 |4.9 |7 |10.2 |12 | |25 |2.4 |13 |5.1 |6 |3.5 |10 |4.6 |8 |10.1 |13 | |30 |2.3 |13 |4.8 |6 |3.3 |11 |4.2 |8 |10 |13 | |…
The materials needed for this experiment were four medium sized tubes, a spectrophotometer, a buffer with a pH of 5, H2O2, Peroxidase, and Guaiacol Dye. We as a group had four tubes labeled two, three, four, and five. In the tube labeled two we had a solution of 2.0 mL of H2O2 and 1.0 mL of Guaiacol Dye for a total solution of 3.0 mL. In the tube labeled three we had a solution of 4.0 mL buffer and 1.0 mL Peroxidase for a total of 5.0 mL solution. In the tube labeled four we had a solution of 2.0 mL H2O2 and 1.0 mL Guaiacol Dye for a total of 3.0 mL solution. Last, in the tube labeled five we had a solution of 4.0 mL buffer and 1.0 mL Peroxidase for a total solution of 5.0 mL. We then set the spectrophotometer to a value of zero, using a blank containing buffer, H2O2, and Guaiacol Dye. After that, tubes two and three were mixed together and tubes four and five were mixed together for a large solution of with a total of 8.0 mL. Once the two solutions are mixed clean the tube with a Kim Wipe, so all fingerprints are removed. Place the tube with solutions of four and five in the ice bath for twenty minutes. While placing the tube in the spectrophotometer make sure the white strip that is on the tube is facing the direction of the person who is handling placing the tube I the spectrophotometer. Furthermore, just let the spectrophotometer act on the solution for the desired length of time while recording the data at each specific…
This investigation used spectroscopy to evaluate light absorption in different solutions. A spectrophotometer was used in the lab to determine these values. A spectrophotometer is an apparatus used to “measure the absorption of radiation in the visible and UV regions of the spectrum and allows precise at a particular wave length” (Jones et al., 2007). The amount of light absorbed by a substance is directly in relation to the concentration of the solute and also the wavelength moving through the solute (Jones et al., 2007). This is commonly referred to as Beer’s Law and can be expressed as A= εl [C]. Beer’s Law equation measures the absorbency of light, making it an effective measure as spectrophotometers give exact values for absorbency (Jones et al., 2007).…
In the experiment, we tested a sodium chloride solution. Along with the tested solution, control groups (water and sodium phosphate) were used to be help understand whether or not NaCl was a buffer. Water was the negative control group and sodium phosphate was the positive control group. If NaCl was a buffer than the pH would be stabled as the sodium phosphate buffer. If NaCl was not a buffer than the pH would fluctuate like the negative control, water. During the first trial and prior to the drops of 0.5 M of HCl acid, the pH of sodium chloride was 7.50. After the addition of 5 drops of 0.5 M of HCl, the pH decreased by 4.83 and ended at 2.67 on the pH scale. When comparing the results of the sodium chloride to the control groups, the total pH change of sodium phosphate was only…
* The conclusion of this experiment was supported by the rate. The results between the pH 2 and Ph10 decreased compared to the pH 7 found in activity #2. The absorbance found is that it does procedure product. My results agree with my…
i. Add a small amount of water to the chromatography jar. The water should be approximately 30mm from the bottom of the jar.…
Examples of a basic substance is shampoo or liquid soap. We use pH for the products we use and…
The purpose of this experiment was to test how effective certain homogenates were as buffers. Buffers are devices that keep pH within maintainable boundaries so something can function. When something is too basic (has too much OH-) the buffer adds H+ and vice versa in order to create water to keep the pH at an acceptable range. Each group (I was with William Yung for this experiment) was tasked with testing one homogenate. The homogenate tested by our group was liquid spinach. Each team added HCl and NaOH to their homogenate. As we found out in our experiment, HCl was an acid so when added to the liquid spinach the pH lowered and NaOH, being a base, rose the pH level when added. The better the buffer the homogenate is, the less its pH changes…
added to different buffer solutions, and the pH where the change in colour were seen were noted. The data shown…