physical development
CACHE - Understand child and young person development
Task 1.1
Physical Development
0-3 Years
Babies are able to support their bodies by lying on their back. This shows that the back is strong enough to support their weight. Their head can turn to one side, which shows that their neck muscles have developed, and are in the first stages of developing physical mobility.
Babies show reflexes e.g. sucking. When a baby is born, they adapt to their surroundings and have the natural instincts to suckle, grasp and kick.
If an object is placed in a baby’s hand, they will touch and attempt to grasp the object. This shows that they have acknowledged the object and their sense of touch is developing.
After reaching the age of 12 months, a child can roll and crawl. This is due to the physical development of the hands, knees and elbows. They have also gained enough strength to support their body weight using these three limbs.
The hand muscles develop and children are able to hold small objects for long periods of time, compared to previously, when they could only grasp the object.
Children can independently dress and feed themselves. They grow accustomed to wearing their own items of clothing. Toddlers also gain strength to use their hands and place food into their mouths independently. They can also recognise the need to use the bathroom.
Toddlers grow confident in walking and running independently. Their feet and leg muscles are fully developed to support their running and walking.
3-7 Years
At three years of age, children are able to use fine motor skills and can hold pencils, pens and crayons. They start controlling pencils and moving them using hand muscles.
Children start gaining more control over their fine motor skills e.g. they start using pencils to write their names and basic sentences.
Children show confidence in carrying out activities e.g. If a child is told to put their toys away, they will complete the task independently.
Children’s movement becomes
Task 1.1
Physical Development
0-3 Years
Babies are able to support their bodies by lying on their back. This shows that the back is strong enough to support their weight. Their head can turn to one side, which shows that their neck muscles have developed, and are in the first stages of developing physical mobility.
Babies show reflexes e.g. sucking. When a baby is born, they adapt to their surroundings and have the natural instincts to suckle, grasp and kick.
If an object is placed in a baby’s hand, they will touch and attempt to grasp the object. This shows that they have acknowledged the object and their sense of touch is developing.
After reaching the age of 12 months, a child can roll and crawl. This is due to the physical development of the hands, knees and elbows. They have also gained enough strength to support their body weight using these three limbs.
The hand muscles develop and children are able to hold small objects for long periods of time, compared to previously, when they could only grasp the object.
Children can independently dress and feed themselves. They grow accustomed to wearing their own items of clothing. Toddlers also gain strength to use their hands and place food into their mouths independently. They can also recognise the need to use the bathroom.
Toddlers grow confident in walking and running independently. Their feet and leg muscles are fully developed to support their running and walking.
3-7 Years
At three years of age, children are able to use fine motor skills and can hold pencils, pens and crayons. They start controlling pencils and moving them using hand muscles.
Children start gaining more control over their fine motor skills e.g. they start using pencils to write their names and basic sentences.
Children show confidence in carrying out activities e.g. If a child is told to put their toys away, they will complete the task independently.
Children’s movement becomes