Pituitary gland hormones
Pituitary: The Master Gland
1. pituitary gland (hypophysis): produces 8 major hormones
a. two lobes
1. anterior lobe (adenohypophysis): glandular tissue
2. posterior lobe (neurohypophysis): nervous tissue and is a direct extension of the hypothalamus b. connected to hypothalamus via the infundibulum
2. pituitary-hypothalamus relationships
a. vascular connection between the anterior lobe and the hypothalamus
b. the hypo. makes releasing/inhibitory hormones (RH/IH) that enter BV to anterior lobe and controls its secretion.
c. the vascular system is considered a portal system
3. adenohypophyseal hormones
a. six of them are AA based, thus use the cyclic AMP 2nd messenger system
b. many are tropic hormones: cause other endocrine glands to secrete their hormones (ex. TSH, ACTH, FSH, and LH)
c. learn the following 7 facts for each hormone:
1. who secretes it?
2. what is the stimulus that causes it to be secreted?
3. what is the stimulus that inhibits its secretion?
4. AA or steroidal?
5. target organ?
6. hormone functions?
7. what disorders occur if hyper/hypo secretion of the hormone?
d. growth hormone (GH)
1. who: adenohypophysis
2. control: GHRH promotes secretion; GHIH(AKA somatostatin) inhibits secretion
3. type: AA
4. target: body cells; skeletal cartilage, muscles
5. functions: anabolic by cell division, protein synthesis
6. hyper as child: gigantism; adult: acromegaly (bone thickening). What happens if take too much GH (body builder??)
7. hypo child: pituitary dwarf
e. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
1. who: adenohypophysis
2. control: thyrotropin-RH from hypothalamus (see thyroxine)
3. type: AA
4. target: thyroid
5. function: cause thyroxine release
6. hyper/hypo secretion: see thyroid hormones
f. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
1. who: adenohypophysis
2. control: corticotropin-RH from hypothalamus (CRH)
3. type: AA
4. target: adrenal cortex (see
1. pituitary gland (hypophysis): produces 8 major hormones
a. two lobes
1. anterior lobe (adenohypophysis): glandular tissue
2. posterior lobe (neurohypophysis): nervous tissue and is a direct extension of the hypothalamus b. connected to hypothalamus via the infundibulum
2. pituitary-hypothalamus relationships
a. vascular connection between the anterior lobe and the hypothalamus
b. the hypo. makes releasing/inhibitory hormones (RH/IH) that enter BV to anterior lobe and controls its secretion.
c. the vascular system is considered a portal system
3. adenohypophyseal hormones
a. six of them are AA based, thus use the cyclic AMP 2nd messenger system
b. many are tropic hormones: cause other endocrine glands to secrete their hormones (ex. TSH, ACTH, FSH, and LH)
c. learn the following 7 facts for each hormone:
1. who secretes it?
2. what is the stimulus that causes it to be secreted?
3. what is the stimulus that inhibits its secretion?
4. AA or steroidal?
5. target organ?
6. hormone functions?
7. what disorders occur if hyper/hypo secretion of the hormone?
d. growth hormone (GH)
1. who: adenohypophysis
2. control: GHRH promotes secretion; GHIH(AKA somatostatin) inhibits secretion
3. type: AA
4. target: body cells; skeletal cartilage, muscles
5. functions: anabolic by cell division, protein synthesis
6. hyper as child: gigantism; adult: acromegaly (bone thickening). What happens if take too much GH (body builder??)
7. hypo child: pituitary dwarf
e. thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
1. who: adenohypophysis
2. control: thyrotropin-RH from hypothalamus (see thyroxine)
3. type: AA
4. target: thyroid
5. function: cause thyroxine release
6. hyper/hypo secretion: see thyroid hormones
f. adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
1. who: adenohypophysis
2. control: corticotropin-RH from hypothalamus (CRH)
3. type: AA
4. target: adrenal cortex (see