“Democracy provides the most just and efficient form of political rule” Asses whether Plato has shown his claim to be false.…
Democritus was a Greek Philosopher born 460 B.C. in the city of Abdera, and died 370 B.C. He was born into a wealthy family and traveled the world extensively. He was known as the “laughing” philosopher, or the “happy” philosopher because he would constantly mock people, and laugh incessantly about his own jibes. Throughout his life he wrote over 70 books, however very few pages have survived the years. Some have said that Democritus blinded himself to better understand his own mind,however, because he had over 70 writings these conceptions of Democritus have been discredited. Democritus studied natural philosophy under his mentor Leucippus, who had a huge affect on Democritus's writings and publications as they were very similar to Leucippus own theories. It is difficult to distinguish whose theories belonged to who because very few documents have survived. However Democritus has been credited with most of them. His major contributions to science is his atomic theory,which was the basis on which modern atomic theory was developed.(http://www.iep.utm.edu/democrit/)…
In Plato’s work The Republic, Plato’s introduces his mentor and teacher Socrates. In this allegory, Socrates questions one of his students, Glaucon, about the ideas behind reason and our senesces. Socrates sets the scene in an eerie, dark cave with fire as their source of light. Socrates emphasizes that the men are chained from head to toe and can only see the shadows from the objects that the “marionette players” place in front of the light. The light reflecting from the outside world and the fire are projected on the wall of the cave in front of their eyes. These men only know about the shadows of the outside world and believe the notion that these are the real object/item presented. Socrates then inquires a situation in which each “man converses…
Socrates’ passage is formulated by the knowledge that the soul consists of three parts that are predisposed by our own desires. He is fundamentally attempting to disprove the notion that the soul is one.…
A compelling statement which integrates both pieces of writing, “… like the screens which conjurors put up in front of their audience, and above which they exhibit their wonders.” In Plato this was the shadows that the men could see in front of them, never knowing what was really causing them. This could only lead to what the imagination would create. Truman was shown a type of “shadows” as well. Truman was shown a city, people, a sky and a life which his mind could only believe was real; but this was far from real. Truman was unknowing watched by…
Plato believed that the Democratic state degenerates into anarchy and that paves the way for the Tyrant to come in and rule over the weak. He believed this largely because he thought that in Democracy every man would arrange his own life to suit his pleasure, and if anything this seems like an early attack upon moral relativism because of the anger towards men just doing whatever they wished. He remarks that the life of a democrat is: “Subject to no order or restraint, and he has no wish to change an existence which he calls pleasant, free, and happy”. Plato thought that the insatiable desire for this good would lead to the neglect of everything else and would “transform” a democracy and make it lead to a demand for despotism. He foresaw that all of this would lead to citizens becoming so sensitive that they reject even the slightest application of control and would call it “tyranny” which would simply lead to a disregard of the Law. This would be total anarchy which would only lead to a Tyrant coming in and taking the power for himself, something that Plato utterly hated the thought of.…
If a man was not subjected to law or punishment would he choose to do what is considered just? In Plato’s The Republic, Glaucon, one of Socrates’ students, states a common view on justice. Justice is simply a lesser evil when compared to the two extremes which are suffering injustice without power to retaliate and doing injustice without suffering consequences. According to Glaucon, all men are inherently unjust, and only do what is just when forced to do so by law. This view of justice can be seen throughout history when leaders, like Nero, do unjust actions for their own personal gain simply because they are free from any consequences.…
Paradoxes are ideas that seem to be in opposition to one another but are mutually needed to function. In Plato 's Republic he discusses several paradoxes. While reading The Republic we can see which side of these paradoxes Plato favors. We find which side he feels should be stressed so that we may live in a reasonable and safe society and be better human beings. There are three categories in which these paradoxes have been divided into: ethical, metaphysical and political. Plato was a legendary Athenian philosopher. His main influence was his teacher, Socrates, whom he thought died unjustly. The Republic was written in dialogues narrated by Socrates. These dialogues were Socrates ' teachings as best Plato could remember them. His writings left an undeniable mark on the world. The Republic was one of his most famous works. It outlines the core of his beliefs.…
One of the most influential minds in western philosophy is of Plato. Plato lived from 422-347 B.C, was born into an aristocratic family in the city of Athens. He was a student of Socrates and a teacher of Aristotle. Plato followed the basic ideas of Socrates, in which no laws are to be broken despite their relevance. He makes clear why laws should be followed and why disobedience to the law is rarely justified. Plato is considered a very essential figure in the contribution of philosophy and an essential figure to western tradition. He was the prime founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning within the Western World. Plato has a range of teachings that have been used to instruct a wide spread of subjects. Some…
Socrates meets with some of his friends and begins discussing the meaning of justice and whether the just life is better than the unjust life. First, they contemplate the meaning of justice. Cephalus stated that justice is as simple as telling the truth and returning what you receive, Polemarchus stated that justice is giving each his due, and Thrasymachus stated that justice is the advantage of the stronger. Socrates proves each of them wrong and embarks on a discussion to find out what true justice is, and to find out whether the just man is truly happier than the unjust man, or vice versa.…
In a close reading of Symposium, we as readers get to browse through an eclectic mix of brilliant and unique minds belonging to poets, philosophers, lovers, play writes, comedians and even war heroes. Each character takes their turn in describing their own ideal of love in this casual setting and the speeches with which we are presented are clearly melded by the life, profession and personality of these speakers. Plato’s success in giving each speech its own character and personality is quite remarkable, and has a considerable effect on how we as readers paint our own mental pictures of each member of the party. While it may seem as though these differing speeches have been placed next to one another in an arbitrary manner, one might find in…
“The most intriguing people you will encounter in this life are the people who had insights about you, that you didn't know about yourself” (Alder). This quote can be used to show why the great Greek philosopher, Socrates is deemed as being so intriguing. During his time, Socrates was seen as a great threat because he tended to break free from the normal way of thinking and inevitably, people became afraid of him. Socrates was eventually put to death on account of “corrupting the youth” and being an “atheist,” which were false claims against him to cover up the fact that his accusers simply didn’t like him or his ways. When reading Plato’s Republic, Socrates is shown as being very intriguing because of: his humble ways, his Socratic method,…
In the Gorgias1, Socrates says, “I think that I am the only or almost the only Athenian living who practices the true art of politics; I am the only politician of my time”, while in the Apology2, he claims that “he who will really fight for the right, if he would live even for a little while, must have a private station and not a public one.” As we know, Socrates did manage to live for over 70 years, and did indeed confine himself to a private stance; but how can one be a politician without being a public figure? Or was Socrates not a true champion of justice, as he maintained to be?…
In the preindustrial economy, women did both heavy physical labor and skilled labor. As female slaves and servants, they toiled on others peoples farms; as mills girls they tended dangerous spinning machinery for twelve hours a day. Even middle-class houswives experienced a tremendous amount of housework-heavy physical labor and unremitting toil-work that was similar to wage labor. Nonetheless, in the the Early Republic, fathers permitted their daughters more freedom to choose a husband. For example, Eliza Lucas ran her father's plantation while he was away as royal governor. Rejecting the first two suitors her father selected, she made her own decision as to whom to marry. However, women held limited freedoms due to the Cult of Domesticity/True Womanhood, becoming hostages in their own homes and out of the public sphere to pressure to maintain the status quo during a time of dramatic change. She chose a wealthy planter-a choice consistent with the martial strategy of her class. When race and class intersected, as it did for Ida Wells Barnett, who had the financial means to purchase a ticket to ride a Ladies train car, she was physically ejected for being black.…
In The Allegory of the Cave, Plato uses a vast spectrum of imagery to explain ones descent from the cave to the light. While Plato uses this Allegory to explain his point through Socrates to Glaucon. This allegory has many different meanings. The Allegory can be used in many different ways, from religion to politics to ones own intellectual enlightenment, or it can be interpreted as the blinded person in a colt like reality. Are we all prisoners in a world that is forced on us through the media? How do we really know that we are not just pawns in some one’s chess game. What meaning was Plato trying to introduce to Glaucon? This cave can represent many aspects in the world. And the prisoners can be any one. The puppeteers can be a symbol for people or for the things in life that hold us back from seeing and thinking clearly. As we look further into Plato’s work we will explore many different meanings for this allegory and attempt to give our life some meaning. I would like to start off with a summary of the allegory of the cave as I have understood it.…