A dark period in our history unraveled through the course of the Civil War in which neighbors, friends, and relatives took up arms and openly fought against one another. The disunity brought on by the war led to much bloodshed, chaos, and destruction of not only lives, but of lands as well. The long four years it took for the Union to procure victory was, in the greater scheme of things, only a very small piece of the puzzle in reaching the goal of racial equality in our country (Plessy v. Ferguson). The lone act of declaring all slaves as “free” men and women through the passage of the thirteenth amendment did not include in practice social freedoms for slaves as well (Reconstruction). The injustices that most African Americans had to endure was what led to this particular case
The overall goal of the Reconstruction was to rebuild the South. Once the Civil War had ended the South was required to uphold the Thirteenth Amendment, join the Union by swearing loyalty to it, and pay off war debt (Reconstruction). Andrew Johnson was president at the time and he chose to leave individual states responsible for rebuilding the South. This lenient decision made by Johnson allowed southern states to find a loophole in continuing to exercise supremacy over former slaves. The black codes were passed by the Southern states between the years 1865-1866, and their goal was to restrict the actions of the freed slaves and to ensure that they work in a labor economy based on low wages or