Poetic Elements in Sandesakavya
Poetic Elements in Sande¿ak¡vyas
Introduction
Sanskrit is the vast and rich treasure house of various branches of knowledge. It has produced magnificent and sublime poetry since time immemorial. Ancient Indian thinkers thought a lot on the various aspects of poetry from different angles and consequently criticism of poetry developed here. New views emerged, several literary principles were explored and a series of schools of poetics came into existence. Sanskrit poetics is remarkably rich. Inasmuch as, the theories adumbrated by it are applicable to all literatures and it is possible to evaluate any specimen of poetry by applying the norms set forth by Sanskrit poetics. Sanskrit poetics considers ‘Rasa’ as the core of poetry and art. While analyzing the poetic elements it says that, all the elements in poetry like the literary embellishment or the literary excellence, the style or the technique are to be incorporated, keeping an eye on the emotive content or the ‘Rasa’ of paramount importance.
Sande¿ak¡vyas
Sande¿ak¡vyas are also first originated in Sanskrit. In the text of Îgveda, one can see the archetypes of Sande¿ak¡vyas in the sending of Sarama to Panis by Indra. The idea of conveying messages through messengers is found here. In Îgveda fire is considered as a messenger. He carries Havis offered by the poet seers of Vedic period to the gods. So the fire is sometimes designated as Devad£ta. In Epic and Pur¡¸as, there are references of sending messages between lovers. In R¡m¡ya¸a there is a reference that R¡ma is sending message to S¢ta through Hanum¡n. In the Mah¡bh¡rata, it is described that Na½a sends a message to Damayanti through a swan. Again in the tenth Skandha of Bh¡gavada, K¤À¸a sends a message to the G°pis through Uddhava. Thus in the puranas also, there are references of sending Sande¿as. In Meghasande¿a, K¡lid¡sa developed the idea of message into the sublime form of a beautiful lyric poetry. He selected Mand¡kr¡nta metre to
Introduction
Sanskrit is the vast and rich treasure house of various branches of knowledge. It has produced magnificent and sublime poetry since time immemorial. Ancient Indian thinkers thought a lot on the various aspects of poetry from different angles and consequently criticism of poetry developed here. New views emerged, several literary principles were explored and a series of schools of poetics came into existence. Sanskrit poetics is remarkably rich. Inasmuch as, the theories adumbrated by it are applicable to all literatures and it is possible to evaluate any specimen of poetry by applying the norms set forth by Sanskrit poetics. Sanskrit poetics considers ‘Rasa’ as the core of poetry and art. While analyzing the poetic elements it says that, all the elements in poetry like the literary embellishment or the literary excellence, the style or the technique are to be incorporated, keeping an eye on the emotive content or the ‘Rasa’ of paramount importance.
Sande¿ak¡vyas
Sande¿ak¡vyas are also first originated in Sanskrit. In the text of Îgveda, one can see the archetypes of Sande¿ak¡vyas in the sending of Sarama to Panis by Indra. The idea of conveying messages through messengers is found here. In Îgveda fire is considered as a messenger. He carries Havis offered by the poet seers of Vedic period to the gods. So the fire is sometimes designated as Devad£ta. In Epic and Pur¡¸as, there are references of sending messages between lovers. In R¡m¡ya¸a there is a reference that R¡ma is sending message to S¢ta through Hanum¡n. In the Mah¡bh¡rata, it is described that Na½a sends a message to Damayanti through a swan. Again in the tenth Skandha of Bh¡gavada, K¤À¸a sends a message to the G°pis through Uddhava. Thus in the puranas also, there are references of sending Sande¿as. In Meghasande¿a, K¡lid¡sa developed the idea of message into the sublime form of a beautiful lyric poetry. He selected Mand¡kr¡nta metre to
Bibliography: Editted by Dr.P.C.Muraleemadhavan, Published by the author, 1992. 2. K¡vyadar¿a of Dandin Edited by Acharya Ramachandra Misra, Chowkhamba Vidyabhavan, Varanasi, 1992 Dr.K.Chandrasekharan Nair, Viswa Samskrta Pratistanam, Kerala Kendram, 1988. 6. Kokilasande¿a of Udda¸·a Dr.N.P.Unni, Kerala Samskrtam Publications Thiruvanathapuram, 1997. Erumeli Parameswaran Pillai, Prathibha books, Mavelikkara, 1964 10 Chambakullam Appukuttan Nair, State Institute of Languages, Nalanda, Thiruvanathapuram, 1998. 11. SaÆsk¤ta S¡hitya CaritraÆ Edited by Dr.K.Kunjunniraja, Dr.M.S.Menon, Kerala Sahitya Academy, Thrissur, 2002.