People participate in politics to influence policy decision for beter life or beter future by voting, interest groups, labor unions, associations and party membership. There are 3 groups ;
Gladiators (Elites) : a small proportion of gladiators who fight the political battle. For instance, the activist campaigners.
Spectators: a large group og spectators who observe the contest but rarely participate beyond voting.
Apathetics: a substantial number of apathetics who are unengaged in formal politics.
Gladiators are well educated,rich, upper class, closer to politics.
Two factors seem to be particularly influential thats are political resources and political interest.
People in high-status have education( gives Access to information), Money ( buys the luxury of time), high status and communications skills(success)
Social Movements
Social movements including demonstrations, sit-ins, boycotts and political strikes. Movements are more loosely organized, informal, to challenge the political establishment, focus on single issue, social and legislative change. Replaced dictators. Ex: arap spring and Occupy wall street
WHY Social movements getting stronger ?
Urbanization brings people together, education expands their concerns, the mass media enables information to circulate, civil right allow people to Express their opinions openly, representative institutions give people hope that their voice might be heard and above all, the growth of goverment make politics a more important theme in ordinary lives.
Political participation in illiberal Democracy there are elections but when when the governor comes to power they supress and control media, restrick some freedoms and manipulating the electoral system.
Voting: supporting your national leader against enemies of the country and people ( when come to power, put businessmen in prison)
Political inequality: the leader rules and the masses follows. Individual needs are