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Principles of Psychopathology: Diagnosis and Treatment

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Principles of Psychopathology: Diagnosis and Treatment
Running Head: Co-disorders of Substance Abuse

Principles of Psychopathology: Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract Addiction in general, but opioid dependence has become a billion dollar business for the treatment industry. Heroin used to be the only widespread opioid used. The new opioid users are those who are given pain pills by their family and ER physicians. What happened to the old adages that if it hurts take an aspirin? Today’s unusual mix includes cultural differences of people who do not speak English and those who suffer from mental illness or personality disorders. No one wants to be in physical pain; however, the giver should investigate the family history of alcohol and drug abuse and adhere to a requirement of explaining to the user the dangers of this medication and the cause and explain the likelihood of addiction because of prolonged use.

Client Demographics John is a 30 year old White unmarried male addicted to opiates. He states he has a 15 year history of marijuana, alcohol, and IV heroin use. John has 3 brothers. He states his youngest brother is in prison for murder, and his two oldest brothers have no substance addiction. John states that both his parents are deceased and alludes to the connection of his mother’s death to his brother’s incarceration, but declines to go further into the story. He states that his father died of alcoholism. John has so far declined giving any information of mother’s substance or mental health issues. John displays two tear drops from the corner of his right eye. When questioned about this, because in jail terms the display of tear drops has meaning that this person murdered the number of tear drops, John states they are in memory of his parents. John states that a ‘crew’ of friends would make a weekly drive of 5 hours one way to a neighboring state to obtain heroin for personal use. When asked why he was seeking treatment at this time, he stated he was tired of



References: American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed. text revision). Washington, DC: Author. Batki, S., Kauffman, J., Marion, I., Parrino, M., & Woody, G. (2005). Center for Substance Abuse Treatment. Medication-Assisted Treatment for Opioid Addiction in Opioid Treatment Programs. Treatment Improvement Protocol (TIP) Series 43. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. Carnes, P. (1993). A gentle path through the twelve steps: The classic guide for all people in the process of recovery. (Rev. ed.). Center City, MN: Hazelden. Cintron, A. & Morrison, R. (2006). Pain and ethnicity in the United States: A systematic review. Journal of Palliative Medicine, Vol. 9. Coomber, R., & Sutton, C. (2006). How quick to heroin dependence? Drug and Alcohol Review. Harm Reduction Digest 34. Giovazolias, T. & Davis, P. (2005). Matching therapeutic interventions to drug and alcohol abusers’ stage of motivation: The clients’ perspective. Counselling Psychology Quarterly. Vol. 18(3). pp. 171-182. Hinkle, J. Scott (1999).A voice from the trenches: A reaction to Ivey and Ivey (1998). Journal of Counseling & Development. Vol. 77(4). Johnson, T. (2007). Cultural-level influences on substance use and misuse. Substance Use & Misuse. Vol.42. pp. 305-316. Magura, S. (2007). The relationship between substance user treatment1 and 12-step fellowships: Current knowledge and research questions. Substance Use & Misuse, Vol. 42. pp. 343–360. Pretorius, R., & Zurick, G. (2008). A systematic approach to identifying drug-seeking patients. Family Practice Management.

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