In part 3, Morris (2002, p.171) discusses why prison conditions matter and why penal reformers, including himself, have devoted their lives and travelled thousands of miles to other countries in search of answers to questions that would improve prison correction from what is corrupt or defective. Morris (2002, p.172) suggests human rights are relative to all human beings whether free or imprisoned and he considers prisons as a smaller community within the world. Thus, the infliction of unnecessary torture and pain cannot be justified and therefore must be prevented and eradicated.…
A penitentiary system is necessary to house convicted criminals. The United States penitentiary system currently suffers from mass incarceration, with the highest incarceration rate in the world, having more 2 million people incarcerated and thereby making up almost 22% of the entire worlds prison population (“Mass Incarceration in the USA,” 1). Sweden, on the other hand, has a prison population of 5,245 (Öberg, 1). A country’s overall population certainly is a key factor in the previous numbers stated, yet, if you look at the incarceration rate per 100,000 people, the number incarcerated in the United States is 666 and 53 in Sweden. This is a huge difference, one that demands answers. The United States is often depicted as encompassing a prison system that preys on minorities and the mental ill, resulting in overcrowded prisons with high rates of recidivism. These conditions can easily foster unfit treatment and abuse with an emphasis on punishment as a form of correction as opposed to a focus on rehabilitation. Sweden, on the other hand, has emphasized their support behind rehabilitation in the prison system, resulting in lowered crime and incarceration rates for its citizens. Sweden’s number of inmates is steadily continuing to drop as the United States simultaneously rises. These outcomes highlight a core difference in the prison institutions in…
The criminal justice system in any country in the world will not be complete without the prison. Some authorities and governments view the prison as a place of punishment, while others view it as a venue where a member of society can rehabilitate, and eventually be reunited with society. Whatever a person’s view may be, the prison will always be a part of the criminal justice system. This paper will focus on the influence of leadership, culture, systems, law, and influential stakeholders in prisons. This paper will also focus on the positive or negative influences of each…
The corrections leg of the criminal justice system is ineffective because the efforts being made to rehabilitate criminals and keep society safe are failing substantially. The reason for the failure of the current correctional system and all correctional systems in the history of American prisons is an imbalance in the goals of criminal sentencing. These goals can be measured in success by how they were used in the past eras of prison history. Within the 20th century there were 5 prison eras, along with the current prison era. Not one of these eras used a combination of all sentencing goals, leaving an unbalanced and unsuccessful correctional system. It is necessary to review the 20th century prison philosophies, for the purpose of establishing the reasons for failure, in order to create a successful correctional philosophy for the 21st century. A reformation of the correctional system which includes the removal of all non-violent offenders, a period in which violent inmates are in total isolation, intense individual therapy, group therapy, educational and vocational training and a one year probation period after release from prison will allow for criminals to successfully reintegrate into society. In creating a system that balances all five goals of criminal sentencing along with a multiple step program favoring rehabilitation, it is very possible that a balanced and successful correctional system can be formed.…
Although criminals should pay the consequence for their behavior, it should not mean that they should live in overcrowded prisons. An example of an overcrowded prison is shown in Angola, where the max occupancy was for 800 prisoners, yet they had 1,750 prisoners (Stern, 2006). When this happens, the lack of resources, space, and training from needed officers increases. Therefore, conditions become hazardous and prisoners and officers are at higher risk for diseases such as HIV and Tuberculosis (Stern, 2006). Although society feels safe with criminals locked up, they have to realize that a main purpose for prisons is to help reduce crime by showing prisoners that breaking the law will cause them the loss of freedom. Ultimately, leading those criminals who are able to get out, to come out with a sense of a change behavior. However, the system that puts these women, men, and young people in overcrowded prisons are not even worried about the criminal. Instead, they keep increasing the definition of “crime”, which increase the number of criminals in an ineffective prison…
Abstract: Based on the ideals of a penitentiary, what it should be like? What was the principal goal of a penitentiary? What were the differences between the two prison models? What were the benefits and drawbacks of each model? Which model was considered to be the winning model?…
Imagine yourself sitting in the doctor’s office and you have just been diagnosed with a terrible, terminal disease. The doctors were very late catching it, and they tell you there is not much they can do for you other than make you comfortable for the last phase of your life. You do however; have a couple options for care. You can decide to fight it with medications anyway regardless of the phase of the illness, or you can accept the medications to make you comfortable until the end. Now fast forward a few months, and imagine yourself in hospice care. You are under round the clock supervision and medications to “ease your pain”.…
The Prison system has been under scrutiny for years. They have tried every way imaginable to keep the prison system from failing. Experts have come and observed our criminal system from all over the globe “Our prison system has always been a closed institution, and that very secrecy has intrigued visitors to our country” says an article in the magazine America called “Reforming the system: rehabilitation needs a chance”. The prison system has remained an intriguing issue. The prisons have been kept quiet and no one really knows about it outside the system.…
In society today, it is commonly known that crime rate has increased dramatically by the years. This is where many of us look for ways to solve such issue. It is the last place anybody would want to be in. but unfortunately we have hundreds of thousands of them, if not millions around the world. Thousands in just the United States, Those are prisons. Just hearing that word makes us think bad things right away. Murder, theft, violence, and everything bad that happens in this world. We live in a world where prisons and jail are very important and almost every country, state, county, or city must have at least one. Prisons now are much more crowded than they were 20 years ago. The number of inmates in just the United States has doubled between the years of 1992 and 2011. The question many of us should ask ourselves is why do we need prisons? Are prisons effective in any way? Are prisons causing economic issues? Are prisoners getting proper treatment while incarcerated?…
Looking back at history, there have been countless ideals to reform and rehabilitate convicted criminals to attempt to make them “normal” enough to rejoin society. I think it is important to look and all of the past options and modes of reform and rehabilitation and compare them to how criminals are treated in prisons in today’s society. This paper will discuss the ideals behind penitentiaries, as well as the goals and benefits to them and other American prisons from the 1800’s.…
America’s prisons have a major importance in modern society. They are a huge contributing factor to the safety of our country and allow for proper and humane punishment for those who commit crimes. While America’s streets continue to be plagued by crime and dangerous people, prisons help significantly in decreasing the crime rate and removing those people from society in order to create a safer place for people to live. Although there are many pros that come with prisons, a handful of cons come with them as well, which allow for arguments to rise about whether prisons should be allowed in America or not. Prisons are a necessity in modern society that punishes and rehabilitates those who commit crimes with the purpose of protecting…
One of the chief factors contributing to the ‘crisis’ in prison is the overcrowding of prisoners. Indeterminate sentences and increased use of long determinate sentences are key drivers behind the near doubling of prison numbers; almost doubling from 1993 9% to 2014 17%. Bromley Briefing Prison Factfile (2015) reveals cost of our ‘addiction to imprisonment’ in wasted time, money and lives. High security prisons are not filled to capacity, whereas local prisons are concentrated with overcrowding. The majority of these prisoners in local prisons are that of on remand and short term sentences. In October 2006, 62% of prisons were overcrowded, 12 prisons containing more than half as many as they should (Cavadino and Dignan, p.17). As a result of…
Within America’s prison system there lies many issues. Although we know prisons have become a permanent part of America’s justice system and are needed to maintain a healthy functioning society. The big picture is this incarceration,in the manner in which the American system is managing it may be causing more harm than rehabilitation. As of today the incarcerated population is at least four and a half times larger than back in 1980. At a population of approximately 2.2 million people in the United States behind bars the need for change becomes apparent due to the high costs of keeping all of these individuals in prison and also having an incarceration rate higher than any other country in the world.…
At the beginning, putting criminals into prisons was aimed at improving or changing behaviors of these people in order for them to stay in peace with the general public. It was one of the many options at the exposure of the judicial systems to observe behavior of a criminal…
The prison system is just as corrupt as the prisoners inside them. We live in a world where it is deemed acceptable to punish a criminal by taking away their humanity, and only release them when they find it themselves. It is apparent that the methods of handling prisoners and their sentences is costly and not effective. The recidivism rate in the United States prison and detention facilities are incredibly high, much higher than their Scandinavian counterpart. Recidivism “refers to a person's relapse into criminal behavior, often after the person receives sanctions or undergoes intervention for a previous crime.” (National Institute of Justice) According to the National Institute of Justice, “within three years of release, about two-thirds of released prisoners were rearrested; and within five years of release, about three-quarters of released prisoners were rearrested.” (National Institute of Justice) Unfortunately the statistics are only the tip of the iceberg in the severely flawed and failing prison. We must reform the flawed prison system, only than can we correct the criminal way of life.…