Preview

Pros And Cons Of Animal Research

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1127 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Pros And Cons Of Animal Research
Robert Ethan Stepp

ACBS

James Treaster

Pro's and Con's of Animal Research

Introduction

Animal research is for many a controversial subject. This is because while we do make significant progress by using animals as test subjects, animals still have rights. There comes a point when we have to ask ourselves when do our moral obligations outweigh the rewards. Where do we draw the line?

Moral Obligations and The Three R's

Perhaps the biggest issue with animal research is the morally gray area of what's acceptable and what is not. The reason this is such …show more content…
We can meet this moral obligation by using the principles of the three R's. The three R's are replacement, reduction, and …show more content…
(1993). Animal Research Is Defensible. Journal of Mammalogy, 74(1), 234-235. doi:1. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy1.library.arizona.edu/stable/1381926 doi:1

Hawkins, P., Hau, J., Carlsson, H., Hagelin, J., Roberts, I., Meredith, M., . . . Botting, J. (2001). Animal Research. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 322(7302), 1603-1605. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy1.library.arizona.edu/stable/25467253

Smith, R. (2001). Animal Research: The Need For A Middle Ground: Let's Promote The Three Rs Of Animal Research: Replacement, Reduction, And Refinement. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 322(7281), 248-249. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org.ezproxy1.library.arizona.edu/stable/25466059

In Testing | Alternatives to Animal Testing and Research. (n.d.). Retrieved November 08, 2016, from http://www.neavs.org/alternatives/in-testing

Implementing the 3Rs - RSPCA. (n.d.). Retrieved November 08, 2016, from https://science.rspca.org.uk/sciencegroup/researchanimals/implementing3rs

By day five after challenge, immunized ferrets at all vaccine dose levels had cleared the H1N1 virus and showed no sign of disease,” said a Novavax representative. . (n.d.). H1N1 Vaccine – Tested in Animals First. Retrieved November 08, 2016, from
Continue Reading
View Writing Issues

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Summary Of Ethical Boundary
    • 552 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Summary Of Ethical Boundary

    In the article “Ethical Boundary-work in the Animal Research Laboratory” Pru Hobson-West writes about the three obstacles in regards to the occasion of talking about the ethics behind animal testing. The three “boundaries” that Hobson-West refers to are the need for animals to be tested with reference to the advancement of medicines, the impacts of “Home Office regulation” and the third is the difference between Human and Non-human animals (1). One of the main arguments that supports the use of animals in scientific experiments stated in this article is that when deciding whether or not it is ethical to use animals, you must determine whether or not humans have a higher moral value than animals (660). Another argument is whether or not restrictions…

    • 552 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Leonard Thompson Biography
    • 1042 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Leonard Thompson Biography

    Scientists are constantly looking for new medical advances that they hope will save people’s lives and often turn to animals as the optimal resource for testing new ideas and products. These animals range from rats and mice to dogs and monkeys. On top of varying animals, the tests they run fluctuate from simply checking the effectiveness of a medicine already in use to testing an entirely new form of treatment. However, there have beens years of controversy over the morality of using animals as the test subjects.…

    • 1042 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Animal Testing Persuasive speech
    • 555 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Animal Testing Persuasive speech

    There has been a controversy between animal rights supporters and scientists about whether it is right to use animals in experimental research. Also, it is very debatable whether using animals for such research results in finding a cure for diseases. Using animals for medical research is ethical a long as it contributes to scientific development and helps scientists find ways to improve human health. And this practice is only acceptable on the condition that necessary pains are taken and animals are treated humanely.…

    • 555 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Argumentative Essay: Do Animals Have Moral Rights
    • 465 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Argumentative Essay: Do Animals Have Moral Rights

    Random-source animals have been greatly used where genetic diversity is important to the study. A “random-source” animal, is one that was purchased from random sources such as animal shelters. In Research Animals, it writes, “…random-source animals are primarily used in biomedical research on arthritis, blindness, birth defects, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, hearing loss, lung disorders, and orthopedics” (“Research Animals”). These animals are helping to further the development in knowledge and cures for these disabilities and diseases. Cures do not just appear, they take many years to research and strategize before they are taken to the lab to be tested. Animals are the ideal test subjects and are also educational tools in the medical world. Research Animals also writes, “Live animals are used in modern medical research because some of their bodily systems mimic those of humans. This makes them useful test subjects for drugs, vaccines, and other products that are intended for humans. They are also useful training tools for doctors, surgeons, and veterinarians, who need to practice medical procedures” (“Research Animals”). Without the testing, drugs and other products could have very different effects on humans when first introduced. Also, medical students would not have as much hands-on experience before walking into their first operation or other medical procedure. Animals also…

    • 465 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Persuasive Essay: Should Animals Be Used For Research?
    • 1351 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Persuasive Essay: Should Animals Be Used For Research?

    `”God loved the birds and invented trees. Man loved the birds and invented cages” (Deval, Jacques). There are many things wrong about animal research, and I think that a lot of it is wrong. Animal testing is wrong because it harms animals, animals’ rights are violated in tests, it is expensive, there are better alternatives, and the results of these tests aren’t always accurate or reliable.…

    • 1351 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Argumentative Essay: Are Animals Right Or Wrong?
    • 1091 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Argumentative Essay: Are Animals Right Or Wrong?

    All of my life I have had a tremendous amount of passion for all animals, and in most instances I've found that I have felt more comfortable around them than I do people, finding myself drawn to their many personable qualities, such as innocence, loyalty, lack of judgment, and overall cheerful disposition. As I have grown, my care for animals and their well being has as well, and my eyes have been opened to the horrors taking place all throughout the globe involving poor, innocent animals, who are unable to defend themselves, against the very people they are meant to find companionship with. The controversy over the practice of utilizing animals for the purposes of testing has been an issue for the past 30-40 years, and with it, comes the moral debate. However, the topic of ongoing question, whether animal testing is right or wrong, lies within your own personal morals.…

    • 1091 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Animal Experimentation: Unethical According To Utilitarianism
    • 2016 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Animal Experimentation: Unethical According To Utilitarianism

    One of the most debated ethical issues is Animal Rights. Animals are so much a part of our lives and world that it is impossible to ignore the ethical issues we are faced with pertaining to the treatment of animals. What is difficult about these issues is that although animals have many similar attributes as humans they lack the developed brain function that humans have. Although many animals can feel pain, experience happiness, even form attachment, they are not able to speak for themselves and so humans take charge of their fate. A highly debated topic within the focus of Animal Rights is the morality of Animal Experimentation and under what circumstances, if…

    • 2016 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Peter Singer
    • 89 Words
    • 1 Page

    Peter Singer

    Peter Singer has influentially argued that animals’ interests must be given equal consideration to comparable human interests-so that, for example, a human’s and an animal’s interest in avoiding suffering should be considered equally morally important (Degrazia, Mappes, & Brand-Ballard, 2011, pg. 251). Animals have their own way of life and are not exactly made like humans. How are we able to trust research that works on animals but may not work on humans? Because our species are very different, animal experimentation should not be conducted and is morally unacceptable.…

    • 89 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Ethics Of Animal Testing
    • 1409 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Ethics Of Animal Testing

    Animals have been used in research for countless numbers of years, dating back all the way to BCE. The number of animals in testing has grown as the years have passed, and their purpose has resulted in treatments for lung cancer, childhood leukemia, breast cancer, and many others. When most people think about animal science, they think about the cruelty and immoral treatment of animals; they do not bother to think about the side effects of animal testing. The medicine we buy or are prescribed, the lotions we use, and everyday makeup we wear would not be available without the use of animals in labs. With all the benefits that come with animal testing, one might ask why anyone would be opposed to animal testing. However, an article entitled “Ethics…

    • 1409 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Argument Layout: Against Animal Testing
    • 3079 Words
    • 13 Pages

    Argument Layout: Against Animal Testing

    Cigarettes were considered safe because smoking-related cancer is almost impossible to reproduce in non-human animals. The primary purpose of medical research is to promote human health, and the most direct research methods focus on the study of human populations, individuals, and tissues. Animal research has been used merely as an alternative method when study of humans is deemed impractical or unethical. In addition to the ethical issues, the profound differences in anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry between humans and animals make animals poor models for humans. Results from research on animals cannot be accurately extrapolated to humans and are poor predictors for how humans will respond to drugs, treatments, or diseases.…

    • 3079 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    The Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing
    • 525 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing

    It is argued that animal testing is the basis of many scientific studies and experiments, but that it has now basically gone too mainstream without regards to the organisms’…

    • 525 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing
    • 1183 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing

    Experimentation on animals was meant to provide innovative advancements to the development of drugs and safety of products. However, the use of animals in laboratory tests no longer fulfills its original purpose. While it is difficult to deny the medical advances that have been made possible due to animal testing, there are alternatives that are more cost-effective, reliable, and do not contribute toward the suffering of animals. Methods such as microdosing, in-vitro models, and in-silica computer models are a few of the alternatives that fit these criteria as opposed to traditional animal testing. By using alternative methods to animal testing, What is animal testing and why is it used?…

    • 1183 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Ethics in Animal Research
    • 627 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Ethics in Animal Research

    In terms of ethics, the main issue in animal testing is simply that many experimental animals suffer in ways which are unnatural to them. Through the use of genetic manipulation, obese mice…

    • 627 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing
    • 1748 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Pros And Cons Of Animal Testing

    Animal Experimentation: A Cruel, Outdated Practice Animal experimentation, or testing, is a method used to discover cures to illnesses; the functions of organs; the anatomy of the body; the safety, effectiveness, and reliability of cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and household products on animals (“About Animal Testing”). An estimated 25 million animals are subject to these practices each year in the United States (“Harm and Suffering”). Because of the massive number of animals used in experimentation each year, William Russell and Rex Burch devised the “3 Rs.” Reduction, refinement, and replacement are the ideas that compose the “3 Rs.” By reducing the number of animals used in testing, refining procedures to ensure minimal discomfort, and, when…

    • 1748 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Using Animals in Research Shouldn’t Be Forbidden
    • 522 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Using Animals in Research Shouldn’t Be Forbidden

    Nowadays, many scientific researchers use many animals for their experiments, which has become a very controversial subject among scientists, government officials, and citizens. Differences of opinion have emerged on this issue over time in the world. Although some people who are generally animal right activists argue that animals shouldn’t be used in scientific researchers and this should be totally banned, others don’t agree with the some idea for the sake of human life. In my opinion, using animals in scientific experiments shouldn’t be exactly forbidden for humanity and science.…

    • 522 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More

Related Topics