Protistas

 17 – 47 phyla

 Polyphyletic
 Existed way back 1.5 billion years ago:

earliest eukaryotes  Free-living, parasitic, motile, stationary  Unicellular, colonial, multicellular

 When “nots and nos” are what remains

 Protozoa
 Algae  Slime molds

 Subkingdom Mastigobionta

 No cell walls
 Varied locomotion:
 Pseudopodia

 Cilia
 Flagella

 Pseudopodia, 3 famous phyla

 Rhizopoda
 amoeba

 Foraminifera
 Forams

 Actinopoda
 Radiolarians/heliozans

 Cilia

 Macronucleus = major metabolic

activities  Micronucleus = genetic reserves  Examples: paramecium, stentor  Link. link2

Campbell, 9th edition

 Flagella, thus, zooflagellates

 Example: Trypanosoma spp. (sleeping

sickness)  Example: Trichonympha campanulata (Termite symbionts)

 Apicomplexa

 Sporozoans “spores” for reproduction
 Apical complexes for attaching to hosts  Example: Plasmodium spp. (Malaria)

Campbell, 9th edition

 Subkingdom Phycobionta

 Photosynthetic
 70% of total food production (world)  Unicellular: phytoplanktons

 Green algae

 Chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids
 Cell wall: cellulose  Stored food: starch  Example: Caulerpa, Chlamydomonas,

Spirogyra, Volvox

 Brown algae

 Chlorophyll a, c, carotenoids, fucoxanthin
 Cell wall: cellulose, algin  Stored food:laminarin and manitol  Example: Sargassum ,

Postelsia

 Red algae

 Chlorophyll, carotenoids red and blue

phycobilins  Cell wall: cellulose, pectin, agar  Stored food: floridean starch  Example: Euchema, Gracilaria, Gelidiella

 Dinoflagellates

 Chlorophyll a, c, carotenoids, peridinin
 Cell wall: cellulose  Example: Gonyaulax, Gymnodinium  Causative agent of “Red Tide”

 Diatoms

 Chlorophyll a, c, fucoxanthin, diatomin
 Cell wall: pectin and silica  Stored food; laminarin and oil  Example: Navicula monlifera

 Euglenoids

 Chlorophyll a and b
 Cell wall: cellulose 