Psychoanalytic Theory Summary

The two types of theories that were mentioned in this book were social learning theory and Psychoanalytic theory. The social learning theory was developed by Albert Bandura. Social learning theory talks about that humans learn by observing other. This is also called modeling or observational learning. In simple terms, a child follows what others does and tries to do the same task. If a child sees their mother making food in some pots, and the child starts to pretend making food their toys is an example of social learning theory by child observation. Modeling occurs when the observer is inexperienced. In addition, when people see others achieving their goals and solve problems, it gives more encouragement for the observer to achieve that
goal too.
The psychoanalytic theory was developed by Sigmund Freud. Freud introduced the idea that there are five stages of development. The stages start from infancy and goes until adulthood. The five different stages are called oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency, and genital stage. Oral stage occurs from birth to age one. In the first stage, oral stage, pleasureable sensation is occurring in the mouth of the baby. The activities with the mouth include sucking, biting, swallowing, etc. Anal stage occurs from the age of one to three. In the second stage, anal stage, pleasureable sensation is occurring in the anus of the baby. Freud explained that during the anal stage the child starts to learn potty training. Phallic stage occurs from age three to six. In phallic stage, pleasurable sensation is occurring in the penis for boys; whereas girls wonder why they don’t have a penis.